CVI2013: WARNING: implicit conversion changes signedness: "long" to "int".

What is Clang was trying to say with this warning?

int f( void )
{
  int i1 = 4;

  int i2 = 1l << ( i1 - 1 );
  //       ^^  warning: implicit conversion changes signedness: 'long' to 'int' [-Wsign-conversion]

  return i2;
}

Hello CVI - User!

The explanation is quite technical...

The result type of the expression of SHIFT is "signed for a long time." The target type of the initialization is "signed int". Clang injects an implicit "signed long" conversion to "signed int" and check the different properties of the conversion.

In particular, clang tests if the sign of the value can change during the conversion. For this test, clang calculates the range of 'values' of the source 1 L< (i1="" -="" 1)'="" and="" the="" "value="" range"="" of="" the="" target="" 'int="" i2'.="" the="" warning="" indicates="" that="" the="" signs="" of="" the="" source="" and="" target="" ranges="" do="" not="">

The range of values of the source depends on the expression 1 L< (i1="" -="" 1)'="" and="" here="" clang="" is="" applying="" a="" special="">

    [excerpt from GetExprRange in the clang 2.9 source code]

    // Left shift gets black-listed based on a judgement call.
    // ...except that we want to treat '1 << (blah)' as logically
    // positive.  It's an important idiom.

Therefore the range of values of source is: wide, 32-bit positive.

The range of values of the target depends on the type of "i2" and that's the range of default values for "signed int": 32 - bit wide, positive or negative.

In other words: 1 L< (i1="" -="" 1)'="" is="" considered="" positive="" (unsigned)="" and="" it="" is="" converted="" to="" a="" signed="">

Note that this is really a special case and that you do not get the warning for other values:

  int i2 = 2l << ( i1 - 1 ); //no warning

Unfortunately, I can not explain why clang didn't just compare the source and target types, it calculates the ranges of values and why 1< (blah)'="" is="" treated="" specially.="" i="" don't="">

Peter

Tags: NI Software

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