Bind Variables out of use

I don't know where to post this, please point me in the right direction if necessary. It seems that binds the variables in the order that they appear in the SQL statement works very well, but bind them down causes the statement to be poorly executed. Here is the result on my machine, Win 7 Pro, JDK 1.7.0_21 against Oracle 11.2.0.3 on Linux 64.

Create table test
Insertion of temporary data
Display all data
10 50 Red
20 40 Green
30 30 Blue
10 40 Orange
20 50 yellow
70 rose 10
Selection of A = 10 and B = 50 in the order
10 50 Red
Selection in the reverse of A = 10 and B = 50
Table of drop test

Here's the code that produced these results. The difference between the declarations of the first and the second selection is simply the order, that the variables are related. Am I doing this wrong?

Import oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver;

to import java.sql.CallableStatement;
import java.sql.Connection;
to import java.sql.DriverManager;
import java.sql.ResultSet;

public class RunTests {}
Private Sub log (String s) {}
System.out.println (s);
}

Private Sub log (row of the ResultSet) throws Exception {}
log (Row.GetString ("a") + "\t" + row.getString ('b') + '\t' + row.getString ("c"));
}

Private Sub start (String [] args) throws Exception {}
DriverManager.registerDriver new (OracleDriver());
Connection c is DriverManager.getConnection ("jdbc:oracle:thin:@someserver:1521:sid", "user", "pass");.

Log ('Creating test table');
CallableStatement cs = c.prepareCall ("create table eric_example (number, number of b, c varchar2 (30))");
DSI Execute();
DSI Close();

Journal ("insertion of temporary data");
CS = c.prepareCall ("insert into eric_example values (:,: b: c) '");
cs.setInt (": a", 10);
cs.setInt (": b", 50);
cs.setString (": c", "Red");
cs.executeUpdate ();

cs.setInt (": a", 20);
cs.setInt (": b", 40);
cs.setString (": c", "Green");
cs.executeUpdate ();

cs.setInt (": a", 30);
cs.setInt (": b", 30);
cs.setString (": c", "Blue");
cs.executeUpdate ();

cs.setInt (": a", 10);
cs.setInt (": b", 40);
cs.setString (": c", "Orange");
cs.executeUpdate ();

cs.setInt (": a", 20);
cs.setInt (": b", 50);
cs.setString (": c", "Yellow");
cs.executeUpdate ();

cs.setInt (": a", 70);
cs.setInt (": b", 10);
cs.setString (": c", "Pink");
cs.executeUpdate ();
DSI Close();

Log ("indicating all data");
CS = c.prepareCall ("select * from eric_example");
ResultSet rs = cs.executeQuery ();
While (RS. Next {}
log (RS);
}
RS. Close();
DSI Close();

Log ('Selecting A = 10 and B = 50 in the order");
CS = c.prepareCall ("select * from eric_example where a =: a and b =: b");
cs.setInt ("a", 10);
cs.setInt ("b", 50);
RS = cs.executeQuery ();
While (RS. Next {}
log (RS);
}
RS. Close();
DSI Close();

Journal ("selection A = 10 and B = 50 in reverse");
CS = c.prepareCall ("select * from eric_example where a =: a and b =: b");
cs.setInt ("b", 50);
cs.setInt ("a", 10);
RS = cs.executeQuery ();
While (RS. Next {}
log (RS);
}
RS. Close();
DSI Close();

Log ("table Dropping test");
CS = c.prepareCall ("drop table eric_example");
DSI Execute();
DSI Close();

c.Close ();
}

Public Shared Sub main (String [] args) {}
RunTests runTests = new RunTests();
try {}
runTests.start (args);
} catch (Exception e) {}
e.printStackTrace ();
System.Exit (1);
}
}

}

>
I don't know where to post this, please point me in the right direction if necessary. It seems that binds the variables in the order that they appear in the SQL statement works very well, but bind them down causes the statement to be poorly executed. Here is the result on my machine, Win 7 Pro, JDK 1.7.0_21 against Oracle 11.2.0.3 on Linux 64.
>
Although what do you expect to link which includes a colon in the name?

cs.setInt(":a", 10);

And the code like this

cs.setInt("a", 10);

is NOT supported. You can not bind by name using the setXXX methods.

Change your code to use syntax supported, and you shouldn't have a problem.

cs = c.prepareCall("select * from eric_example where a = :1 and b = :2");
cs.setInt(1, 10);
cs.setInt(2, 50);

See "Binding parameters named" in the Guide of Dev JDBC
http://docs.Oracle.com/CD/B28359_01/Java.111/b31224/apxref.htm#BABEJDBH
>
Binding parameters named

Binding by name is not supported when using the setXXX methods. In certain circumstances, previous versions of the Oracle JDBC drivers have allowed binding variables name declaration when using the setXXX methods. In the following statement, the variable named EmpId is linked to the whole 314159.

P = conn.prepareStatement PreparedStatement
("" SELECT name FROM emp WHERE id =: EmpId "");
p.setInt (1, 314159);

This ability to set by name using the setXXX methods is not part of the specification, JDBC and Oracle does not support. JDBC drivers can throw an SQLException exception or produce unexpected results. From JDBC Oracle Database 10 g drivers, connection by name is supported by using the setXXXAtName methods.
>
You can use one of these 'previous versions' driver which seem to confirm the connection by name but these links are NOT supported, so you should not try to use them.

There is no work around. Replace the names of variables bind with an exclamation mark.

Tags: Oracle

Similar Questions

Correct way to use Bind variables when you use an interface to MS SQL Server
Hey,.
I have some difficulty to find how to use bind variables in a view, when you use an interface to MS SQL Server. For some reason when I use an ApplicationModule who has a library of MS SQL Server JDBC loaded and I try to click on OK when you change the following query:

SELECT kit_status, component_id
OF numbered_inv
WHERE trialname =: 1

I get an error stating that ' SQL Query Error Message incorrect syntax near ':'. JDeveloper is compatible with SQL server for bind variable as this query works fine if I replace the: 1 with a Word to say "Test test".

Thanks in advance

Edited by: NullCheck December 15, 2010 14:06
Use positional JDBC Style Binding to bind variables
Try to use? Instead of:
As shown here:
http://www.Oracle.com/technetwork/developer-tools/jdev/multidatabaseapp-085183.html

Bind Variables and using the keyword

In my dynamic SQL, I use the same variable in several places in my query. Is there a way to avoid rewriting the same value multiple times in the list of arguments to bind? It is something like that - only pseudo code.

DECLARE
tSQL VARCHAR2(99)
pVal INT := 2;

BEGIN
tSQL := 
           'SELECT * ' ||
           '  FROM dual ' ||
           ' WHERE col1 =: iVal ' ||
           '   AND col2 IN (SELECT col2 ' ||
           '                  FROM dual  ' ||
           '                 WHERE col1 =: iVal) ' ||
           ' UNION ' ||
           ' SELECT * ' ||
           '   FROM dual ' ||
           '  WHERE col1 =: iVal';

EXECUTE IMMEDIATE tSQL 
USING pVal, pVal, pVal;  -- Is there a way to avoid having to rewrite the same bind variable argument three times since the value is the same?

END;

Is there a way to avoid having to rewrite the same argument three times bind variable as the value is the same?

Etbin wrote:
http://docs.Oracle.com/CD/E11882_01/AppDev.112/e25519/dynamic.htm#BHCHIHEJ says:
Placeholders are associated with bind variable in the USING clause of position, and not by name.

Concerning

Etbin

The exception to this rule is if the SQL statement is an anonymous block or a call statement. In this case, the repetition of the names of the placeholder is significant.

http://docs.Oracle.com/CD/E11882_01/AppDev.112/e25519/dynamic.htm#CHDFHEAG

For example, the following will fail with ORA-01008: not all variables

declare
 v_cnt number;
begin
  execute immediate 'select count(*) from dual where 1 = :B1 and 2 > :B1'
  into v_cnt using 1;
  dbms_output.put_line(v_cnt);
end;

However, the following will succeed because the SQL code is in fact an anonymous block:

begin
  execute immediate 'declare
                       v_cnt number;
                     begin
                       select count(*)
                       into v_cnt
                       from dual
                       where 1 = :B1 and 2 > :B1;
                       dbms_output.put_line(v_cnt);
                     end;'
  using 1;
end;

Pretty cool stuff.

Need help with Bind variable in AF LOV query
Hello

I have a problem with the binding variable, if I use bind variable in the VO LOV query then my result does not come, if he has do not bind variable it works fine and if I use the variable binding in the LOV search option then it works fine but if I hide the bind variable and set the value in the prepareSesstion AM method the LOV does not return any value. I try to return the values that also all values are also coming, but these values are not the attribute query AF setting.

Query is:

Select substr(d.description,0,40) description
cm_system_users has
b cm_user_responsibilities,
cm_responsibility_processes c,
cm_processes d
where a.nt_login =: B_NT_LOGIN
and a.user_id = b.user_id
and trunc (sysdate) between b.eff_date and nvl (b.exp_date, sysdate + 1)
and b.RESPONSIBILITY_ID = c.RESPONSIBILITY_ID
and c.process_type = d.process_type
and d.enabled_flag = 'Y' order of d.arguments_flag

FOLLOW the method:

CmProcessViewImpl vo = getCmProcessView();
String nt_login = getUserPrincipalName();
vo.setNamedWhereClauseParam ("B_NT_LOGIN", nt_login.toUpperCase ());
vo.executeQuery ();

Can someone help me with this. It is urgent for me.
It's a bit underdescribed. IIUC, the purpose of the notice is used as a target for a correct view accessor? (Otherwise, you will have to be more explicit about what you mean by "LOV query".

If I'm right, there are two possibilities:

(1) you use an instance of VO in a module shared application instance. If so, make sure that your code is in the prepareSession() for the class of application that module if it is dependent on session (as seems to be below), you must make sure that the module of the application instance is shared in the session scope.
(2) you have based the view accessor directly on the definition of the VO. This creates an anonymous instance of VO; I don't think there is a way to use prepareSession() to set a variable of liaison on such a forum (which will not be created until the accessor is first used). Pourriez be able to shoot with to put a similar code in the view object create() method class, but I've not tested this.

If your code is in your module class application primary (as opposed to the class for a shared of AOS instance), the problem here is that getCmProcessView() returns the instance of VO data module of this application instance design-time model, which is never used by accessors of the view.

Also, why do you need to do this in prepareSession() rather than at the level of the accessor to view? I believe you can get the user name (for the view accessor) with the groovy expression

viewObject.DBTransaction.session.userPrincipalName

or maybe just

DBTransaction.session.userPrincipalName

(despite this DBTransaction involving, it returns the username web app, not the DB user name).

It is a declarative 100% solution, if you don't count the Groovy expression as not declarative.

If you are afraid of a user who is running the LOV (somehow) before the value of the bind variable is preparing, just make sure that the binding variable is marked "required."

The use of bind variables (in & out) with sql dynamic
I have a table that contains code snippets to make postings on a set of pl/sql database. what the code does is basically receives an ID and returns a number of errors found.
To run the code, I use dynamic sql with two bind variables.

When codes consists of a simpel query, it works like a charm, for example with this code:
```
BEGIN
   SELECT COUNT (1)
   INTO :1
   FROM articles atl
   WHERE ATL.CSE_ID = :2 AND cgp_id IS NULL;
END;
```
However when I get to post more complexes that must perform calculations or run several queries I run into trouble.
I have boiled down the problem into that:
```
DECLARE
   counter   NUMBER;
   my_id     NUMBER := 61;
BEGIN
   EXECUTE IMMEDIATE ('
      declare 
         some_var number;
      begin
      
      select 1 into some_var from dual
      where :2 = 61; 
      
      :1 := :2;
      end;
')
      USING OUT counter, IN my_id;

   DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line (counter || '-' || my_id);
END;
```
This code is not really make sense, but it's just to show you what is the problem. When I run this code, I get the error
ORA-6537 ON bind variable linked to a position IN

The error doesn't seem wise,: 2 is the only one IN bind variable and it is only used in a where clause clause.
As soon as I remove this where clause, the code works again (giving me 61-61, in case you want to know).

Any idea what goes wrong? I just use bind variables in a way that you're not supposed to use it?

I'm using Oracle Database 11 g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64 bit
Correction. With immediate execution , the binding is in position, but binds do not need to be repeated. My statement above is incorrect...

You must link only once - but bind by position. And the connection must correspond to the use of the variable binding.

If the connection never variable assigns a value in the code, link by in.

If the binding variable assigns a value in the code, link as OUTPUT.

If the binding variable assigns a value and is used a variable in another statement in the code, link as IN OUT.

For example
```
SQL> create or replace procedure FooProc is
  2          cnt     number;
  3          id      number := 61;
  4  begin
  5          execute immediate
  6  'declare
  7          n       number;
  8  begin
  9          select
 10                  1 into n
 11          from dual
 12          where :var1 = 61;       --// var1 is used as IN
 13
 14          :var2 := n * :var1;     --// var2 is used as OUT and var1 as IN
 15          :var2 := -1 * :var2;    --// var2 is used as OUT and IN
 16  end;
 17  '
 18          using
 19                  in out id, in out cnt;  --// must reflect usage above
 20
 21          DBMS_OUTPUT.put_line ( 'cnt='||cnt || ' id=' || id);
 22  end;
 23  /

Procedure created.

SQL>
SQL> exec FooProc
cnt=-61 id=61

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> 
```

Estimate of poor cardinality using Bind Variables

Hi I'm using the 11.2.0.4.0 Oracle version. I have a query that is underway for the plan of the poor execution by the estimate of poor cardinality for two tables (I've extracted and published this part only) as I mentioned below, the individual conditions for which the estimate goes bad and moving entire query execution path.

These are for two tables and currently we use BIND variable for them in our code, and I notice, its best estimate gives with literals. I need to know how to handle this scenario that I need this query to execute for all types of volumes. Is there something I can do without changing the code, as it works well for most of the execution? In the current scenario of the main query that uses those below tables providing a plan (index + nested loop) that works very well for small volume, but running for 10 hr + for large volume as ideally its going to the same regime.
And Yes, most time that this request will be hit for small volume, but killing some appearance of large volume presents the performance of the queries.

Here are the values of the variable binding.

B1 VARIABLE VARCHAR2 (32);
B2 VARIABLE VARCHAR2 (32);
B3 VARIABLE NUMBER;
B4 VARIABLE VARCHAR2 (32);
B7 VARIABLE VARCHAR2 (32);
B5 VARIABLE NUMBER;
B6 VARIABLE NUMBER;

EXEC: B1: = 'NONE ';
EXEC: B2: = NULL;
EXEC: B3: = 0;
EXEC: B4: = NULL;
EXEC: B7: = NULL;
EXEC: B5: = 0;
EXEC: B6: = 0;

---- For  TABLE1-------
 -- Published Actual VS Etimated cardinality
 
 
-- With bind values
select * from TABLE1 SF
WHERE (   (SF.C1_IDCODE = :B4) OR (NVL (:B4, 'NONE') = 'NONE'))
    AND ( (SF.C2_ID = :B3) OR (NVL (:B3, 0) = 0));
Plan hash value: 2590266031
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation                 | Name                | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows |   A-Time   | Buffers | Reads  |  OMem |  1Mem | Used-Mem |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT          |                     |      1 |        |  28835 |00:00:00.08 |    2748 |     46 |       |       |          |
|*  1 |  TABLE ACCESS STORAGE FULL| TABLE1              |      1 |     11 |  28835 |00:00:00.08 |    2748 |     46 |  1025K|  1025K|          |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
   1 - storage((("SF"."C1_IDCODE"=:B4 OR NVL(:B4,'NONE')='NONE') AND ("SF"."C2_ID"=:B3 OR NVL(:B3,0)=0)))
       filter((("SF"."C1_IDCODE"=:B4 OR NVL(:B4,'NONE')='NONE') AND ("SF"."C2_ID"=:B3 OR NVL(:B3,0)=0))) 
 
-- With literals 
select * from TABLE1 SF
 WHERE  (   (SF.C1_IDCODE = null) OR (NVL (null, 'NONE') = 'NONE'))
      AND ( (SF.C2_ID = 0) OR (NVL (0, 0) = 0));
   Plan hash value: 2590266031
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation                 | Name                | Starts | E-Rows | A-Rows |   A-Time   | Buffers |  OMem |  1Mem | Used-Mem |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT          |                     |      1 |        |  28835 |00:00:00.03 |    2748 |       |       |          |
|   1 |  TABLE ACCESS STORAGE FULL| TABLE1              |      1 |  28835 |  28835 |00:00:00.03 |    2748 |  1025K|  1025K|          |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--------For TABLE2 ----------------------- 
-- Published Autotrace plan, as it was taking long time for completion, and actual cardinality is 45M, but its estimating 49 With bind value---

--withbind value
select * from TABLE2 MTF
WHERE (   (MTF.C6_CODE = TRIM (:B2)) OR (NVL (:B2, 'NONE') = 'NONE'))
  AND (   (MTF.C3_CODE = :B1)  OR (NVL (:B1, 'NONE') = 'NONE'))
  AND (   (MTF.C4_CODE = :B7)  OR (:B7 IS NULL))
  AND (   (MTF.C5_AMT <= :B6)  OR (NVL (:B6, 0) = 0))
  AND (   (MTF.C5_AMT >= :B5)  OR (NVL (:B5, 0) = 0));
Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1536592532
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation                  | Name         | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     | Pstart| Pstop |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT           |              |    49 | 10437 |   358K  (1)| 01:11:43 |       |    |
|   1 |  PARTITION RANGE ALL       |              |    49 | 10437 |   358K  (1)| 01:11:43 |     1 |  2 |
|*  2 |   TABLE ACCESS STORAGE FULL| TABLE2       |    49 | 10437 |   358K  (1)| 01:11:43 |     1 |  2 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
   2 - storage(("MTF"."C4_CODE"=:B7 OR :B7 IS NULL) AND ("MTF"."C3_CODE"=:B1 OR
              NVL(:B1,'NONE')='NONE') AND ("MTF"."C5_AMT"<=TO_NUMBER(:B6) OR NVL(:B6,0)=0) AND
              ("MTF"."C5_AMT">=TO_NUMBER(:B5) OR NVL(:B5,0)=0) AND ("MTF"."C6_CODE"=TRIM(:B2) OR
              NVL(:B2,'NONE')='NONE'))
       filter(("MTF"."C4_CODE"=:B7 OR :B7 IS NULL) AND ("MTF"."C3_CODE"=:B1 OR
              NVL(:B1,'NONE')='NONE') AND ("MTF"."C5_AMT"<=TO_NUMBER(:B6) OR NVL(:B6,0)=0) AND
              ("MTF"."C5_AMT">=TO_NUMBER(:B5) OR NVL(:B5,0)=0) AND ("MTF"."C6_CODE"=TRIM(:B2) OR
              NVL(:B2,'NONE')='NONE'))
  
-- with literal
select * from TABLE2 MTF
WHERE (   (MTF.C6_CODE = TRIM (null)) OR (NVL (null, 'NONE') = 'NONE'))
 AND (   (MTF.C3_CODE = 'NONE') OR (NVL ('NONE', 'NONE') = 'NONE'))
  AND (   (MTF.C4_CODE = null)  OR (null IS NULL))
   AND (   (MTF.C5_AMT <= 0)  OR (NVL (0, 0) = 0))
  AND (   (MTF.C5_AMT >= 0)  OR (NVL (0, 0) = 0));
Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
Plan hash value: 1536592532
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation                  | Name         | Rows  | Bytes | Cost (%CPU)| Time     | Pstart| Pstop |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT           |              |    45M|  9151M|   358K  (1)| 01:11:41 |       |    |
|   1 |  PARTITION RANGE ALL       |              |    45M|  9151M|   358K  (1)| 01:11:41 |     1 |  2 |
|   2 |   TABLE ACCESS STORAGE FULL| TABLE2 |    45M|  9151M|   358K  (1)| 01:11:41 |     1 |  2 |
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

select column_name,num_nulls,num_distinct,density
from dba_tab_col_statistics where table_name='TABLE2'
and column_name in ('C3_CODE','C4_CODE','C5_AMT','C6_CODE');
C3_CODE 0 65 0.0153846153846154
C4_CODE 0 2 0.5
C5_AMT 0 21544 4.64166357222429E-5
C6_CODE 1889955 71 0.0140845070422535

933257 wrote:

((SF. C1_IDCODE =: B4) OR (NVL (: B4, 'NONE') = 'NONE'))

In fact for literals, I did not find any section of the predicate after running the sql code with activation "set autotrace traceonly explain."

The main problem is with another large query whose cardinality is underestimated due to the presence of these table (table1, table2) with the above mentioned clause, and the query is for the analysis of index + nested with values of Bind loops and take 10 hr +, whereas with literals, its completion in ~ 8minutes with FTS + Hash Join.

Your real problem is that you try to have just a single SQL query handle all POSSIBLE thanks to the use of embedded FILTERS ' either / or ' filters in the WHERE clause. You want only a select this OPTION to run whatever filters have been selected at run time by the user or the application using it. And it would never work. You really need to SELECT different queries for different combinations of filter conditions.

Why? Think for a minute. How Oracle works internally? A SQL SELECT query gets analyzed and an execution plan is produced which is stored in the library cache and gets REUSED on all subsequent executions of this query - except in certain cases where there may exist several plans run through several cursors of the child. So with only SELECT a query you only AN execution plan in the library cache, to be used by all THE executions of this query, regardless of the value of your run-time binding variables.

Lets put another way - each library cache execution plan is associated with a SQL statement. If you want a DIFFERENT execution plan then you need run a DIFFERENT SQL statement. That's how you get a different execution plan - by running a different SQL statement. Running the SAME SQL query generally you will get the SAME execution plan every time.

In addition, because of the "either / or" filters that you use you will end up generally with a full Table Scan on each of the referenced tables. Why? Given that the optimizer must produce an implementation plan that manages all possible contingencies for all values of possible bind variables in the SELECT. If the optimizer should choose to use any index based on one of these "either / or" filters then it would only help performance when real value was provided, but it would be really bad if a NULL value was supplied. If the optimizer ends up ignoring the index because they are not always optimal for all possible input values and instead chose a plan that is "good enough" for all input values possible. That means that it will use a scanning Table full.

I hope you can see that it is precisely what is happening for you with your query. You select this OPTION to manage the different combinations of filter, which leads to the execution plan only one, which leads to scans full Table on the referenced tables in these ' either / or ' filters.

The solution? Build queries SELECT DIFFERENT when input values are NULL. How you do that? Read this article to ask Tom that tells you:

http://www.Oracle.com/technetwork/issue-archive/2009/09-Jul/o49asktom-090487.html

To sum up - when you have real value for a bind variable 'bind_var1' add the following filter to your CHOICE:

AND column_name1 =: bind_var1

When the binding variable is NULL, add the filter according to your CHOICE:

AND (1 = 1 OR: bind_var1 IS NULL)

Now, you'll have 2 queries SELECT must be performed, which have exactly the same number of variables in the same order bind, which is important. When you then run one of these variations, Oracle can analyze and optimize each one SEPARATELY, with a single execution by the SELECT query plan.

When you provide a real value, the filter is a normal 'column = value' that the optimizer can use all indexes on this column, because NULL values are not referenced.

When there is no real value, the optimizer will analyze the '1 = 1 GOLD' and realize that "1 = 1" is set to TRUE and GOLD, it is quite TRUE regardless because the binding variable is null or not. This means that the optimizer will actually REMOVE this filter, because it filters nothing because it is always TRUE. You will end up with an operating plan based on the other filters in the query, which is what you want because you have no filter on this column.

What is it - producing distinct SELECT queries to determine if you have a real value to filter or not you end up with DIFFERENT execution plans for each of them, and each of them is OPTIMAL for this particular set of filters. Now you get good performance for each variation of the performance of the SELECTION, rather than sometimes good and sometimes very bad when using SELECT only one. It is impossible to try to get multiple shots of execution 'optimal' out of a SELECT query. That's why you get mediocre performance under different bound the values of the variables.

John Brady

bind variables using the values in the collection

Hi the gems... Good afternoon...

Can we not use plsql values in the collection in the USING clause to pass the bind variable values...

I wrote the procedure to kill all sessions that cross the parameter OPEN_CURSORS below. the query, I found only three sessions that exceed. But when I execute my procedure so those are not removed, execution gives me an error also. He simply executed but no session has been killed.

My part of the code is as below:

..........
..........
..........
OPEN rc FOR v_sql;
    FETCH rc BULK COLLECT
        INTO v_tt_sessions;
    LOOP
        EXIT WHEN v_tt_sessions.COUNT = 0;
        FOR idx IN 1 .. v_tt_sessions.COUNT
        LOOP
            EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'alter system kill session '':a,:b'' immediate'
                USING v_tt_sessions(idx).sid, v_tt_sessions(idx).serial#;
        END LOOP;
    END LOOP;
CLOSE rc;
.........
.........

However, when I replace the bind variable with the values in the collection, then it works:

..........
..........
..........
OPEN rc FOR v_sql;
    FETCH rc BULK COLLECT
        INTO v_tt_sessions;
    LOOP
        EXIT WHEN v_tt_sessions.COUNT = 0;
        FOR idx IN 1 .. v_tt_sessions.COUNT
        LOOP
            EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'alter system kill session '''||v_tt_sessions(idx).sid||','||v_tt_sessions(idx).serial#||''' immediate';
        END LOOP;
    END LOOP;
CLOSE rc;
..........
..........

Please suggest if there is something wrong in my code first. I tried, but could not get any inadequacy.

But the doubt is when I removed the variable of liaison with the values of the collection hard-coded (in my first post), then this process works very well. But I want to use bind variables.

You cannot use bind variables in this situation. You can use bind variables for the DML statements.
I'm surprised that you have no error, but I guess that this block of code explains everything:

EXCEPTION
    WHEN OTHERS THEN
        dbms_output.put_line(SQLCODE || ' : ' || SQLERRM);

You concatenate values to build a single command ALTER SYSTEM and run, just like your second attempt.
You don't need to have a dynamic cursor either.

for r in (
  select v.SID, u.serial#, count(v.sid)
  from v$open_cursor v, v$session u
  where v.CURSOR_TYPE='OPEN'
  and v.sid=u.sid group by v.sid, u.serial#
  having count(v.sid)>190
  order by count(*) desc
)
loop
  execute immediate 'alter system kill session '''||r.sid||','||r.serial#||''' immediate';
end loop;

And of course, I agree with the comments of Keith (assuming that this is not just an exercise).

Published by: odie_63 on October 16, 2012 14:03

How to get SQL that do not use bind variables

Hello

I am trying to identify the SQL code which should benefit from the use of bind variables.
First of all, I tried to get the common signature of all the sql calls, using:

select * from (
select  force_matching_signature, count(1) from v$sql where force_matching_signature<>0 group by force_matching_signature order by 2 desc
) where rownum < 50;

Then I copied these values to the Clipboard and run:

select sql_text from v$sql where force_matching_signature=<<<copied_signature_value>>>;

Now, I want to make it automatically and get only 1 occurrence of each SQL that resembles others by using a query.

I tried this:

select sql_text from
(
select sql_text, force_matching_signature, row_number() over (partition by force_matching_signature order by sql_text desc)rn from v$sql where force_matching_signature <>0
)where rn <2 and rownum < 10 order by force_matching_signature desc

But it is not returning results by showing up at the count (1) from the first query, I've used. How can I change this if I get the results in order of "importance"?

Thank you

And I said. First use the command by then use rownum. I did not mention row_number. Also, there should be no need to add more columns.
Have you tried it? Why it did not work?

example not tested

select * from (
   select sql_text from (select sql_text, force_matching_signature, row_number() over (partition by force_matching_signature order by sql_text desc) rn from v$sql where force_matching_signature != 0)
   where rn = 1
   order by force_matching_signature desc /* add any ordering you like here */
   )
where rownum < 10  /* then filter on the first 10 results */

If you want to order that the statement that found most of the time comes first, say so. However, I don't see how to group in your case.
Maybe like this

example of tested

select * from (
   select cnt, sql_text
   from (select sql_text, force_matching_signature, row_number() over (partition by force_matching_signature order by sql_text desc) rn , count(*) over (partition by force_matching_signature) cnt
         from v$sql
         where force_matching_signature != 0)
   where rn = 1
   order by cnt desc, force_matching_signature desc /* add any ordering you like here */
   )
where rownum < 10  /* then filter on the first 10 results */
;

Published by: Sven w. October 11, 2012 14:49

Published by: Sven w. October 11, 2012 14:51

Published by: Sven w. on October 11, 2012 14:56 - number column added to the output

Ensure this soft analysis the use of Bind variables
Hi Experts,

I have a request when the query is prepared dynamically in Java code and if I take the query and run it from SQL Navigator, it takes a long time to prepare the statement and then execute it quickly. I think we can use dynamic SQL statements and bind variable to improve performance here. However, I tried to do a PDS to check my understanding. I created 2 procedures

1. mode of operation
```
CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE sp_static
(id IN NUMBER, 
 name in VARCHAR2)
IS 
TYPE r_curs_type is REF CURSOR;
C1 r_curs_type;
BEGIN

OPEN C1
FOR
SELECT * FROM TABLE WHERE columname = id

CLOSE C1;

END;
```
2. mode of operation
```
CREATE PROCEDURE sp_dyanmic
(id IN NUMBER, 
 name in VARCHAR2)
IS 
TYPE r_curs_type is REF CURSOR;
C1 r_curs_type;
BEGIN

OPEN C1 FOR 'SELECT * FROM TABLE WHERE columnanme = :U1' 
USING ID;

CLOSE C1;
END;
```
To my amazement, there is no difference in the duration of execution of these procedures when I ran the with multiple entries.

Please note-
1. I have not access to trace files :-(
2. I want to just make sure there will be improved performance before starting the real work, given that some efforts provided by moving the logic of all its activities inside and the use of bind variables.

If you can suggest a strategy to ensure performance gains, it will be extremely useful...

Thanks in advance!
Concerning
Hello

(1) it's true, procedure 1 also uses a variable binding
(2) you seem to be confused about the very basic concepts here

Dynamic SQL is something like this:
```
create or replace FUNCTION f (l_table_name VARCHAR2) RETURN NUMBER
IS
  l_result NUMBER;
BEGIN
  EXECUTE IMMEDIATE 'SELECT COUNT(*) FROM ' || l_table_name  INTO l_result;
  return l_result;
END;
```
In this example, since you do not know the name of the table to the execution table, everything you can
is dynamic SQL. As you can see, neither of your two procedures is like that.

Dynamic SQL is used when you do not know what columns you want to select, or who
etc. to the execution table. You can also use dynamic SQL statements to force analysis. You can not use
to avoid parsing, binding or not binding.

Best regards
Nikolai

The use of bind variables in dynamic query created for Ref Cursor

Hello

I'm in a situation where there is a Ref cursor to which the query is built execution based on a loop. This is why the number of links would be known until the program runs.
The application is currently using literals instead of bind variables.

code snippet of the above is
strSql: = "select * from emp where 1 = 1 and ().

loop cursor1
If cond is true then
strSql = strSql | "ename = ' |" Cursor1.ColumnName;
end loop;

Open cursor2 for strSql;

How to use links in the example above.

sb92075 wrote:

user13019948 wrote:
Hello

Here is the code I have my trying to change literal-based link to the base.

What do you mean by "based bind?

who, what, how determines the values to be 'bound '?

He's referring to the coding style. He is currently using concatenated literal, and the goal is to change it to use the bindings.

If I understand this it is known as method 4 dynamic SQL and requires DBMS_SQL. There are examples autour but they vary according to the type of statement being generated - SELECT statements require column lists to be parsed, unlike the INSERT/UPDATE/DELETE.

This came up recently on my current project and I hit a demo. Here a table of names and values accepted procedure and had to build these in a single WHERE clause along the lines of

AND t_names(i) = t_values(i)

for an undetermined number of elements in the array. For this demonstration, I used a table that we called "attribute" (don't ask) which has columns including 'attribute_id' and 'name', and I need to build a query along the lines of

select description from attribute where attribute_id = :b1 and name = :b2

by the way '1012' and 'ISIN' respectively. (I use a table better and after a CREATE statement for her but I have to rush right now, sorry).

declare
   k_sql_base        constant varchar2(500) := 'select description from attribute';

   t_names           constant varchar2_t := varchar2_t('attribute_id',  'name');
   t_values          constant varchar2_t := varchar2_t('1012',          'ISIN');

   l_sql             varchar2(500) := k_sql_base;
   l_rows_fetched    integer := 0;
   l_value           varchar2(4000);

   l_cursor_handle   integer;

begin
   -- Construct the SQL statement with column names and bind variables e.g.
   -- 'select description from mars.attribute where attribute_id = :b1 and name = :b2'
   for i in t_names.first .. t_names.last loop
      l_sql := l_sql ||
         case i
            when t_names.first then ' where ' else ' and '
         end ||
         t_names(i) || ' = :b' || i;
   end loop;

   dbms_output.put_line('SQL statment = ' || l_sql); 

   -- Parse the statement we built above (the remaining steps require a parsed cursor):
   l_cursor_handle := dbms_sql.open_cursor;
   dbms_sql.parse(l_cursor_handle, l_sql, dbms_sql.native);

   -- Associate the 1st column of output with variable l_value - required for SELECT statements:
   -- (actually the 3rd param here 'column' seems to be only used to get a datatype, in this case we want a string -
   -- dbms_sql.column_value actually extracts the value into a specified variable, which can be different.
   -- All examples in the documentation pass a local variable without further comment, so not entirely clear what this does other than set the output datatype.)
   dbms_sql.define_column(l_cursor_handle, 1, l_value, 4000);

   -- Now go through values array binding actual values to :bn variables in the cursor (similar to USING clause of EXECUTE IMMEDIATE)
   for i in t_values.first .. t_values.last loop
      dbms_sql.bind_variable(l_cursor_handle, ':b'||i, t_values(i));
      dbms_output.put_line('Bound :b'||i || ' as ' || t_values(i));
   end loop;

   -- Open the cursor and fetch the result (no loop here because we are expecting a single-row result):
   l_rows_fetched := dbms_sql.execute_and_fetch(l_cursor_handle);

   -- 'Returns value of the cursor element for a given position in a cursor'
   -- Copy the value of column 1 to variable l_value (has to match
   -- dbms_sql.column_value(l_cursor_handle, 1, l_value);
   dbms_sql.column_value(l_cursor_handle, 1, l_value);

   dbms_output.put_line('Result = ''' || l_value || '''');

   dbms_sql.close_cursor(l_cursor_handle);
end;

Hope that helps...

Bind variables are not getting used
Hi all

Do not use bind variable on my Oracle 11g server. That's why same query duplicate in the aqlarea view. Please tell em how to overcome this problem.

SELECT * FROM message_data WHERE (organizationid = '1') AND (entityid = '105055933') AND (unit = 'employment') AND (status! = '1') ORDER BY id ASC

Thank you
What is the value of your cursor_sharing parameter?

If that is CORRECT they will share the SQL area only when their texts match exactly.
You need to put STRENGTH to similar statements to share SQL or SIMILAR.

Take a look at: http://docs.oracle.com/cd/B19306_01/server.102/b14211/memory.htm#sthref496

Use of Bind Variable in LOV Jdev 11.1.2
Hello:
I have a lookup_codes table that has values for different columns used in multiple LOV. I created the object based on reading view single SQL statement for the table with a variable binding. Based on the column where I want to set the LOV, I would like to change the variable binding, so the LOV shows that codes of research for this particular column. Essentially, I want to change the binding variable during execution. How can I accomplish this?

Thanks for the help.

Published by: 862658 on July 28, 2011 10:51
Hello

You can use the VO API and call vo.setWhereClauseParams ();
http://download.Oracle.com/docs/CD/E12839_01/apirefs.1111/e10653/Oracle/JBO/Server/ViewObjectImpl.html

Kind regards
Brano

Use the bind variable in example of a clause giving questions
create or replace procedure pr_mbk (p_val in number)
is
CROR type is ref cursor;
REF CROR;
type numbertype is the table of index number of pls_integer;
numtype numbertype.
v_str varchar2 (2000): = 'select empno from emp sample(:val) ";
Start
Open ref for v_str using p_val;
Close ref;
end;
/

Successfully compiled.

But when I run the same

Exec pr_mbk (10);

ERROR on line 1:
ORA-00933: SQL not correctly completed command.
ORA-06512: at "SCOTT. PR_MBK', line 9
ORA-06512: at line 1

My question is can use us Bind variables within a sample clause.

Receive your answer.

Thank you
Madhu K.
I guess that SAMPLE is considered as a special case, and is not considered as something that takes a 'value' in the same way as values in where clause or values in the query itself.
Let's face it, the SAMPLE is not the standard SQL syntax and is probably something Oracle implements in a separate thread for processing SQL itself i.e. engine Oracle saying to herself... "I will remember this bit of the sample until I questioned the data using the SQL engine, so I'll take a suitable sample of the results," but it's the SQL engine treats the binding of values and the Oracle process that awaits the results taste, knows nothing of the binding values in it's special EXAMPLE of keyword.

Problem using bind variables in shared components report queries
Greetings,

I use APEX 4.0.1.00.03 and BI Publisher 10.1.3.4.1.

In the APEX, I try to create a report query that uses bind variables in the where clause. I have a page that contains a button and a text element (P1_ID). The button is used to call the report. I went the shared components and created a new report query. Here is the text of the code.
```
select violation_date
, violation_type
, nvl(:P1_ID,'zzz')
from edd_procard_violations
where upper(card_holder_id) = upper(:P1_ID)
```
I also have Session State to enabled and have added the P1_ID in the area of 'State of Session' under the query.

When I change the query, and click on the 'Set Bind Variables' button, I get a field where I can enter a value for: P1_ID I enter a value that should return lines, but when I click on the button "Test query", I get no rows returned. If I comment on where clause and test the query, even once, I get all rows in the table. You'll notice in my query I have included nvl(:P1_ID,'zzz'). When I run the query, without where clause, the returned value is always "zzz" indicating that: P1_ID is null.

No idea what I am doing wrong?

Thank you very much.
Larry
Hello Larry,.

Looks like the wizard to create a report query in the shared components has a bug related to bind variables. I was able to reproduce your problem. Just create the query using the link variable, check the box to include session state, add the item and create the query. When you use the report query to download the report, where the your clause will work fine.

Thank you
Machaan

Link to ' effective use of bind variables, cursor_sharing and related ' KO
If I try to access to "the effective use of the bind variables, cursor_sharing and parameters related cursor" doc with link http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/features/performance/whitepapers-098560.html http://www.oracle.com/technology/deploy/performance/pdf/cursor.pdf I get

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Bind Variables out of use

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