change the view in oracle

Hello all;

I have an interesting problem

I have the following code

create table table_A 
(
      ID varchar2(200),
      qty number(6)
);

insert into table_a
  (id, qty)
values
  ('A', 10);

insert into table_a
  (id, qty)
values
  ('B', 6);

create table table_B 
(
      ID varchar2(200),
      colour varchar2(200)
);
insert into table_b
  (id, colour)
values
  ('A', 'Red');
insert into table_b
  (id, colour)
values
  ('B', 'Black');

create table table_info
(
       ID varchar2(200),
       addr varchar2(1000)
);

insert into table_info
  (id, addr)
values
  ('A', '2034 James Street');

insert into table_info
  (id, addr)
values
  ('B', '2044 Main Street');

and I use a selection similar to this

select g.id, g.qty, h.colour from table_A g, table_B h
where g.id = h.id

gives me the following display below

ID     QTY    COLOUR
A       10      Red
B         6      Black

now, I would like to change the display so that I can get this rather

ID       Addr
A        '2034 James Street'
ID       QTY       Colour
A          10         Red
ID      Addr
B       '2044 Main Street'
ID      QTY        Colour
B         6           Black

Any help is appreciated. Thank you.

Hello

Here's one way:

WITH     union_data  AS
(
     SELECT    g1.id
     ,       TO_CHAR (g1.qty)     AS column_2
     ,       h1.colour
     ,       g1.id               AS sort_id
     ,       2               AS sort_line
     FROM        table_A      g1
     ,       table_B      h1
     WHERE       g1.id            = h1.id
                   --
         UNION ALL
               --
     SELECT       'ID'               AS id
     ,       'QTY'               AS column_2
     ,       'Colour'          AS colour
     ,       g2.id               AS sort_id
     ,       1               AS sort_line
     FROM        table_A      g2
     ,       table_B      h2
     WHERE       g2.id            = h2.id
                   --
         UNION ALL
               --
        SELECT    t1.id
     ,       t1.addr          AS column_2
     ,       NULL               AS colour
     ,       t1.id               AS sort_id
     ,       0               AS sort_line
     FROM       table_info   t1
                   --
         UNION ALL
               --
        SELECT    'ID'               AS id
     ,       'Addr'          AS column_2
     ,       NULL               AS colour
     ,       t2.id               AS sort_id
     ,       -1               AS sort_line
     FROM       table_info   t2
)
SELECT       id, column_2, colour
FROM       union_data
ORDER BY  sort_id
,            sort_line
;

Here's how it works:

You already know how to get the output lines containing the values of the quantity and color.
You can generate a header line for each of these lines, which owns the labels 'ID', 'Quantity' and 'COLOR', and do a UNION to combine the results.

SELECT    g.id
,       TO_CHAR (g.qty)     AS qty
,       h.colour
FROM        table_A      g
,       table_B      h
WHERE       g.id            = h.id
                   --
    UNION ALL
               --
SELECT       'ID'
,       'QTY'
,       'Colour'
FROM        table_A      g
,       table_B      h
WHERE       g.id            = h.id
;

Output:

ID         QTY        COLOUR
---------- ---------- ----------
A          10         Red
B          6          Black
ID         QTY        Colour
ID         QTY        Colour

The problem with the above output is the header lines should be intertwined with data lines, firstly a header, and the data accompanying it. To do this, we can add additional columns to each branch of the UNION that are just for sorting:

SELECT    g1.id
,       TO_CHAR (g1.qty)     AS qty
,       h1.colour
,       g1.id               AS sort_id
,       1               AS sort_line
FROM        table_A      g1
,       table_B      h1
WHERE       g1.id            = h1.id
                   --
    UNION ALL
               --
SELECT       'ID'               AS id
,       'QTY'               AS qty
,       'Colour'          AS colour
,       g2.id               AS sort_id
,       2               AS sort_line
FROM        table_A      g2
,       table_B      h2
WHERE       g2.id            = h2.id
                   --
ORDER BY  sort_id
,            sort_line
;

Output:

ID         QTY        COLOUR     SORT_ID     SORT_LINE
---------- ---------- ---------- ---------- ----------
A          10         Red        A                   1
ID         QTY        Colour     A                   2
B          6          Black      B                   1
ID         QTY        Colour     B                   2

Who has solved a problem but created another. We do not want to see the columns sort_id and sort_line; We just want to use in the ORDER BY clause. However, in a UNION you CN can't ORDER BY anything which is not in the SELECT clause. Depending on your front end, you may be able to hide columns (in SQL * Plus, for example, you can say "COLUMN sort_id NOPRINT"), but here's how you can work around the problem in SQL pure, by the UNION in a separate subquery of the ORDER OF:

WITH     union_data  AS
(
     SELECT    g1.id
     ,       TO_CHAR (g1.qty)     AS qty
     ,       h1.colour
     ,       g1.id               AS sort_id
     ,       2               AS sort_line
     FROM        table_A      g1
     ,       table_B      h1
     WHERE       g1.id            = h1.id
                   --
         UNION ALL
               --
     SELECT       'ID'               AS id
     ,       'QTY'               AS qty
     ,       'Colour'          AS colour
     ,       g2.id               AS sort_id
     ,       1               AS sort_line
     FROM        table_A      g2
     ,       table_B      h2
     WHERE       g2.id            = h2.id
)
SELECT       id, qty, colour
FROM       union_data
ORDER BY  sort_id
,            sort_line
;

Output:

ID         QTY        COLOUR
---------- ---------- ----------
ID         QTY        Colour
A          10         Red
ID         QTY        Colour
B          6          Black

It's perfect for the table_a table_b data. To get the data of table_info thus, simply add 2 branches in addition to the UNION, as indicated at the beginning of this message.

It's a bit pointless to do 2 separate petitions, one to get the data and the other to get the header, when these 2 queries use the same tables and the same WHERE clause. An alternative is to cross join table to another table (or, more likely, a game of operation in the form of table of results), which has the values n = 1 and n = 2 and use CASE expressions to display data or its header. I'll leave that as an exercise for the reader.

Published by: Frank Kulash, January 18, 2011 13:02
Explanation added.

Tags: Database

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