What are the relationship between JPA and Hibernate, JPA and TopLink?

What are the relationship between JPA and Hibernate, JPA and TopLink?
Can APP instead of Hibernate and TopLink?

The Java Persistence API (JPA) is the persistence of mapping relational object
standard for Java. Hibernate and TopLink provide a Java Open source object-relational mapping framework.
They provide an implementation for the Java Persistence API. In my opinion, Hibernate and TopLink support JPA
and they can also be seen as complementary to APP.

We will wait to see the opinions of the other person.

Tags: Fusion Middleware

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