What is the variable env LD_LIBRARY_PATH for?

DB version: 11.2
OS: Oracle Solaris 10

Why do we set LD_LIBRARY_PATH?

If my ORACLE_HOME is
$ echo $ORACLE_HOME
/u01/oracle/11g/db
All that I need to set for LD_LIBRARY_PATH?
$ echo $LD_LIBRARY_PATH
/u01/oracle/11g/db/lib
What happens if I put the variable LD_LIBRARY_PATH or set so wrong?

If LD_LIBRARY_PATH is required or not depends on how the dynamic links of the kernel loader works ito determine where looking for a shared lib.

The dynamic links Windows loader uses the PATH variable (after first checking the current directory). It seems since the test below that Linux needs the whole LD_LIBRARY_PATH

// current setting
/home/billy> echo $LD_LIBRARY_PATH
/home/billy/instantclient_10_2:/usr/lib/firefox:

// sqlplus loads fine
/home/billy> sqlplus

SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Thu Nov 24 11:38:59 2011

Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Enter user-name: 

// unset the environment variable and sqlplus fails to load
/home/billy> unset LD_LIBRARY_PATH
/home/billy> sqlplus
/home/billy/instantclient_10_2/bin/sqlplus: error while loading shared libraries:
libsqlplus.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

// this is what the dynamic link loader sees as shared libs that need to
// be loaded - and which of these it does not find
/home/billy> ldd /home/billy/instantclient_10_2/bin/sqlplus
        linux-gate.so.1 =>  (0x00cc1000)
        libsqlplus.so => not found
        libclntsh.so.10.1 => not found
        libnnz10.so => not found
        libdl.so.2 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x006eb000)
        libm.so.6 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0x005f5000)
        libpthread.so.0 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x001fe000)
        libnsl.so.1 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libnsl.so.1 (0x00d53000)
        libc.so.6 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x009ab000)
        /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x005a8000)

// setting the environment and checking what the dynamic link loader sees
/home/billy> export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/home/billy/instantclient_10_2:/usr/lib/firefox:
/home/billy> ldd /home/billy/instantclient_10_2/bin/sqlplus
        linux-gate.so.1 =>  (0x00bb3000)
        libsqlplus.so => /home/billy/instantclient_10_2/libsqlplus.so (0x00aa5000)
        libclntsh.so.10.1 => /home/billy/instantclient_10_2/libclntsh.so.10.1 (0x00fd8000)
        libnnz10.so => /home/billy/instantclient_10_2/libnnz10.so (0x00778000)
        libdl.so.2 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libdl.so.2 (0x00110000)
        libm.so.6 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libm.so.6 (0x001ab000)
        libpthread.so.0 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libpthread.so.0 (0x00114000)
        libnsl.so.1 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libnsl.so.1 (0x00bd1000)
        libc.so.6 => /lib/i386-linux-gnu/libc.so.6 (0x001d1000)
        /lib/ld-linux.so.2 (0x00fba000)

There is also a variable SHLIB_PATH used by some Unix flavors... could be pre-Posix maybe? Remember that this has been used on older kernels of 32-bit HP - UX.

If the ldd command (or similar) is available, this is a good way to check the requirement of library of static linking of an executable and the question of whether the loader can find the library files required on the disc.

Tags: Database

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