How to troubleshoot the ora-04091: table of mutation

Hi all

Oracle version: 10g express.

case study: a class has many students, that a student has rewards.

original design:
drop table student;
drop table class;

create table class(
clsid varchar2(9) primary key);

create table student(
stuid varchar2(9) primary key,
clsid varchar2(9) not null references class(clsid) on delete cascade,
reward varchar2(9));
sample data:
insert into class values('cls1');
insert into student values('stu1','cls1','yes');
issues related to the:
1. If I want to
 insert into student values('stu2','cls1','yes');
I can put a trigger on student to check if he has that one student in class reward. This trigger must tell me error: I can not leave 'stu2' a 'Yes' on the column of the reward. But he'll lead us Oracle error: ora-04091: table of mutation. He seems to use 'after' or 'instead of' trigger can solve this problem, then how?

2. Another way to ensure that a student in a class reward, is to change the design as:
drop table student;
drop table class;

create table class(
clsid varchar2(9) primary key,
reward_stuid varchar2(9));

create table student(
stuid varchar2(9) primary key,
clsid varchar2(9) not null references class(cid) on delete cascade);
But the question of these two tables has one foreign key to the other, is it good design?

Thank you.

Published by: 991096 on April 11, 2013 04:56

Do not use a trigger for this. This is the logic that you should include in your application as a 'check' pre before even attempting insert, or...
You use an INSERT... SELECT... statement that incorporates the audit as part of it, so the line will be inserted only if the proper test is satisfied.

for example

insert into student (stuid, clsid, reward)
select 'stu2', 'cls1', 'yes'
from   dual left outer join student s2 on (s2.clsid = 'cls1' and s2.reward = 'yes')
where  s2.stuid is null; -- only insert if no other student is found in same class already with reward

and then, your application can control SQL ROWCOUNT % to see if the line was inserted or not.

(Similarly, you can use a MERGE statement or clause EXISTS (NOT) or any method to do so)

Tags: Database

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