Please can someone explain how this circuit works?

I was digging through some old files left here by a former employee and found this.  There is a text file with it that said it was a temperature alarm that was supposed to have a green light when the temperature was between 50 and 100, but a red light at any other temperature.  I can play with it and see that the lights are changing, but how to check temperatures?  Also, how this circuit works?  I never did something like this on my own, but I see what seems to be a comparator is powered by two OPERATIONAL amplifiers.  May of you please enlighten us on this so I can prove that it works?  I have a use for this, but I need to know if it will work in its current form, or if I need to make some adjustments.

Although this tour might work in simulation there several defects that could cause problems if implemented in hardware.

First, the Thermistors generally have a nonlinear inverse relationship to temperature. In this case this isn't a huge deal since temperatures too high or too low, the two are supposed to turn on the red LED. However, defining the thresholds of comparator at 1/3 and 2/3 of Vcc2 aren't very likely to correspond to the desired temperature.

Then the LM324 has an R4 and R5 totem-pole output circuit are rather empty.  The output circuit can source or sink tens of milliamps for emitter junctions base of Q1 and Q2 may be vulnerable to damage.

When Q3 and Q4 are disabled, as shown in the picture, the current flowing through the Green LED is 30 my. Indication LEDs are usually evaluated for 20 my or less.

When Q3 or Q4 is enabled, the current flowing through the red LED is limited by the transconductance of transistors or the V-I characteristic of the diode. In both cases, the values are almost certainly in the 'let the magic smoke out' of the LED range.

Although not destructive, Q3 and Q4 are not necessary.  The logic can be changed by reversing entries for the elements of comparison and by replacing maybe to OR AND on the transistor connections.

Lynn

Tags: NI Software

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