DB file scattered read with Free (CBC) latch wait events

Hi all

On our production database server, we found about 50 sessions in lock Free (CBC) wait wait event with about 30 sessions waiting for db file scattered read... Also, the CPU load was obviously very high(90-99%).

Our server has 4 CPU and OS is HP - UX
Oracle version: 8.1.6.0.0
The optimizer mode is RULE

We found all sessions waiting performing this query below:
(SELECT /*+ORDERED*/
        ud.user_id,
        DECODE (udl.new_user_name,
                NULL, ud.user_name,
                udl.new_user_name
               ) AS user_name,
        udl.old_user_name, ud.PASSWORD, ud.status, au.first_name,
        au.last_name, sd.sd_id, sd.site_id, s.manager_number,
        sd.delivery_code, sd.site_server_id, au.email_address, au.outorg_id,
        udl.action_code, udl.action_category, udl.action_date AS action_date,
        au.admin_users_uid
   FROM user_delivery_log udl,
        user_delivery ud,
        appuser au,
       site_delivery sd,
        site_t s
  WHERE udl.action_date BETWEEN TO_DATE ('04/21/2009 17/46/25',
                                         'MM/DD/YYYY HH24/MI/SS'
                                        )
                            AND TO_DATE ('04/21/2009 17/47/26',
                                         'MM/DD/YYYY HH24/MI/SS'
                                        )
    AND (   (udl.action_category = 'I' AND BITAND (udl.action_code, 8195) != 0
            )
         OR (udl.action_category = 'U' AND BITAND (udl.action_code, 2079) != 0
            )
        )
    AND udl.site_id != 0
    AND ud.user_id = udl.user_id
    AND ud.sd_id = udl.sd_id
   AND ud.user_id = au.user_id
    AND ud.sd_id = sd.sd_id
    AND sd.site_id = s.site_id
    AND (sd.delivery_code = 'AEN')
    AND (   udl.new_user_name IS NOT NULL
        OR 0 =
               ((SELECT /*+ORDERED*/
                        COUNT (*)
                   FROM user_delivery_log udl1
                  WHERE udl1.action_date
                           BETWEEN TO_DATE ('04/21/2009 17/46/25',
                                            'MM/DD/YYYY HH24/MI/SS'
                                           )
                               AND TO_DATE ('04/21/2009 17/47/26',
                                           'MM/DD/YYYY HH24/MI/SS'
                                           )
                    AND (   (    udl1.action_category = 'I'
                             AND BITAND (udl1.action_code, 8195) != 0
                            )
                         OR (    udl1.action_category = 'U'
                             AND BITAND (udl1.action_code, 2079) != 0
                            )
                        )
                    AND udl1.site_id != 0
                    AND udl1.sd_id = ud.sd_id
                    AND udl1.user_id = ud.user_id
                    AND udl1.new_user_name IS NOT NULL))
        ))
UNION
(SELECT /*+ORDERED*/
        ud.user_id,
        DECODE (udl.new_user_name,
                NULL, ud.user_name,
                udl.new_user_name
               ) AS user_name,
        NULL AS old_user_name, ud.PASSWORD, ud.status, au.first_name,
        au.last_name, sd.sd_id, sd.site_id, s.manager_number,
        sd.delivery_code, sd.site_server_id, au.email_address, au.outorg_id,
        1536, 'U', udl.action_date AS action_date, au.admin_users_uid
   FROM user_delivery_log udl,
        user_delivery ud,
        appuser au,
        site_delivery sd,
        site_t s
  WHERE (udl.user_id, udl.action_date) IN (
           SELECT   udl.user_id, MAX (action_date)
               FROM user_delivery_log udl
              WHERE udl.action_date <
                       TO_DATE ('04/21/2009 17/46/25',
                                'MM/DD/YYYY HH24/MI/SS')
                AND (   (    udl.action_category = 'I'
                         AND BITAND (udl.action_code, 8195) != 0
                        )
                     OR (    udl.action_category = 'U'
                         AND BITAND (udl.action_code, 2079) != 0
                        )
                    )
                AND udl.user_id IN (
                       SELECT user_id
                         FROM appuser_log aul
                        WHERE aul.action_date
                                 BETWEEN TO_DATE ('04/21/2009 17/46/25',
                                                  'MM/DD/YYYY HH24/MI/SS'
                                                )
                                     AND TO_DATE ('04/21/2009 17/47/26',
                                                  'MM/DD/YYYY HH24/MI/SS'
                                                 )
                          AND aul.action_category = 'U'
                          AND BITAND (aul.action_code, 5632) != 0)
                AND udl.new_user_name IS NOT NULL
           GROUP BY user_id)
    AND udl.site_id != 0
    AND 0 =
           (SELECT COUNT (*)
              FROM user_delivery_log udl, site_delivery sd
             WHERE udl.action_date BETWEEN TO_DATE ('04/21/2009 17/46/25',
                                                    'MM/DD/YYYY HH24/MI/SS'
                                                   )
                                       AND TO_DATE ('04/21/2009 17/47/26',
                                                    'MM/DD/YYYY HH24/MI/SS'
                                                   )
               AND (   (    udl.action_category = 'I'
                       AND BITAND (udl.action_code, 8195) != 0
                       )
                    OR (    udl.action_category = 'U'
                        AND BITAND (udl.action_code, 2079) != 0
                       )
                   )
               AND udl.site_id != 0
              AND udl.sd_id = sd.sd_id
               AND udl.user_id = au.user_id
               AND (sd.delivery_code = 'AEN'))
    AND ud.user_id = au.user_id
    AND ud.user_id = udl.user_id
    AND ud.sd_id = sd.sd_id
    AND sd.site_id = s.site_id
    AND (sd.delivery_code = 'AEN'))
ORDER BY action_date ASC;

Below is the execution plan:
Execution Plan
----------------------------------------------------------
   0      SELECT STATEMENT Optimizer=RULE (Cost=341 Card=3 Bytes=312)
   1    0   SORT (UNIQUE) (Cost=342 Card=3 Bytes=312)
   2    1     UNION-ALL
   3    2       CONCATENATION
   4    3         FILTER
   5    4           NESTED LOOPS (Cost=12 Card=1 Bytes=100)
   6    5             NESTED LOOPS (Cost=11 Card=1 Bytes=94)
   7    6               NESTED LOOPS (Cost=10 Card=1 Bytes=77)
  8    7                 NESTED LOOPS (Cost=8 Card=1 Bytes=52)
   9    8                   TABLE ACCESS (BY INDEX ROWID) OF 'USER_DEL
          IVERY_LOG' (Cost=4 Card=2 Bytes=58)
  10    9                     INDEX (RANGE SCAN) OF 'IE1_USER_DELIVERY
          _LOG' (NON-UNIQUE) (Cost=3 Card=2)
  11    8                   TABLE ACCESS (BY INDEX ROWID) OF 'USER_DEL
          IVERY' (Cost=2 Card=1192563 Bytes=27428949)
  12   11                     INDEX (UNIQUE SCAN) OF 'IDX_PK_INV_USER_
          SD_ID' (UNIQUE) (Cost=1 Card=1192563)
  13    7                 TABLE ACCESS (BY INDEX ROWID) OF 'APPUSER' (
          Cost=2 Card=863102 Bytes=21577550)
  14   13                   INDEX (UNIQUE SCAN) OF 'PK_APPUSER' (UNIQU
          E) (Cost=1 Card=863102)
  15    6               TABLE ACCESS (BY INDEX ROWID) OF 'SITE_DELIVER
          Y' (Cost=1 Card=3494 Bytes=59398)
  16   15                 INDEX (UNIQUE SCAN) OF 'PK_NEW_SITE_DELIVERY
          ' (UNIQUE)
  17    5             TABLE ACCESS (BY INDEX ROWID) OF 'SITE_T' (Cost=
          1 Card=64113 Bytes=384678)
  18   17               INDEX (UNIQUE SCAN) OF 'PK_SITE_T' (UNIQUE)
  19    4           TABLE ACCESS (BY INDEX ROWID) OF 'USER_DELIVERY_LO
          G' (Cost=6 Card=1 Bytes=27)
  20   19             INDEX (RANGE SCAN) OF 'IE1_USER_DELIVERY_LOG' (N
          ON-UNIQUE) (Cost=3 Card=1)
  21    3         FILTER
  22   21           NESTED LOOPS (Cost=12 Card=1 Bytes=100)
  23   22             NESTED LOOPS (Cost=11 Card=1 Bytes=94)
  24   23               NESTED LOOPS (Cost=10 Card=1 Bytes=77)
  25   24                 NESTED LOOPS (Cost=8 Card=1 Bytes=52)
  26   25                   TABLE ACCESS (BY INDEX ROWID) OF 'USER_DEL
          IVERY_LOG' (Cost=4 Card=2 Bytes=58)
  27   26                     INDEX (RANGE SCAN) OF 'IE1_USER_DELIVERY
         _LOG' (NON-UNIQUE) (Cost=3 Card=2)
  28   25                   TABLE ACCESS (BY INDEX ROWID) OF 'USER_DEL
          IVERY' (Cost=2 Card=1192563 Bytes=27428949)
  29   28                     INDEX (UNIQUE SCAN) OF 'IDX_PK_INV_USER_
          SD_ID' (UNIQUE) (Cost=1 Card=1192563)
  30   24                 TABLE ACCESS (BY INDEX ROWID) OF 'APPUSER' (
          Cost=2 Card=863102 Bytes=21577550)
  31   30                   INDEX (UNIQUE SCAN) OF 'PK_APPUSER' (UNIQU
         E) (Cost=1 Card=863102)
  32   23               TABLE ACCESS (BY INDEX ROWID) OF 'SITE_DELIVER
          Y' (Cost=1 Card=3494 Bytes=59398)
  33   32                 INDEX (UNIQUE SCAN) OF 'PK_NEW_SITE_DELIVERY
          ' (UNIQUE)
  34   22             TABLE ACCESS (BY INDEX ROWID) OF 'SITE_T' (Cost=
          1 Card=64113 Bytes=384678)
  35   34               INDEX (UNIQUE SCAN) OF 'PK_SITE_T' (UNIQUE)
  36    2       NESTED LOOPS (Cost=314 Card=1 Bytes=112)
  37   36         NESTED LOOPS (Cost=313 Card=1 Bytes=106)
  38   37           NESTED LOOPS (Cost=312 Card=1 Bytes=89)
  39   38             NESTED LOOPS (Cost=310 Card=1 Bytes=64)
  40   39               NESTED LOOPS (Cost=306 Card=1 Bytes=41)
  41   40                 VIEW OF 'VW_NSO_1' (Cost=302 Card=1 Bytes=22
          )
  42   41                   SORT (GROUP BY) (Cost=302 Card=1 Bytes=35)
  43   42                     NESTED LOOPS (Cost=299 Card=1 Bytes=35)
  44   43                       TABLE ACCESS (FULL) OF 'APPUSER_LOG' (
          Cost=93 Card=1 Bytes=16)
  45   43                       TABLE ACCESS (FULL) OF 'USER_DELIVERY_
          LOG' (Cost=206 Card=73505 Bytes=1396595)
  46   40                 TABLE ACCESS (BY INDEX ROWID) OF 'USER_DELIV
          ERY_LOG' (Cost=4 Card=429251 Bytes=8155769)
  47   46                   INDEX (RANGE SCAN) OF 'IE1_USER_DELIVERY_L
          OG' (NON-UNIQUE) (Cost=3 Card=429251)
  48   39               TABLE ACCESS (BY INDEX ROWID) OF 'USER_DELIVER
         Y' (Cost=4 Card=1192563 Bytes=27428949)
  49   48                 INDEX (RANGE SCAN) OF 'IDX_PK_INV_USER_SD_ID
          ' (UNIQUE) (Cost=3 Card=1192563)
  50   38             TABLE ACCESS (BY INDEX ROWID) OF 'APPUSER' (Cost
          =2 Card=43156 Bytes=1078900)
  51   50               INDEX (UNIQUE SCAN) OF 'PK_APPUSER' (UNIQUE) (
          Cost=1 Card=43156)
  52   51                 NESTED LOOPS (Cost=7 Card=1 Bytes=31)
  53   52                   TABLE ACCESS (BY INDEX ROWID) OF 'USER_DEL
         IVERY_LOG' (Cost=6 Card=1 Bytes=24)
  54   53                     INDEX (RANGE SCAN) OF 'IE1_USER_DELIVERY
          _LOG' (NON-UNIQUE) (Cost=3 Card=1)
  55   52                   TABLE ACCESS (BY INDEX ROWID) OF 'SITE_DEL
          IVERY' (Cost=1 Card=3494 Bytes=24458)
  56   55                     INDEX (UNIQUE SCAN) OF 'PK_NEW_SITE_DELI
          VERY' (UNIQUE)
  57   37           TABLE ACCESS (BY INDEX ROWID) OF 'SITE_DELIVERY' (
          Cost=1 Card=3494 Bytes=59398)
  58   57             INDEX (UNIQUE SCAN) OF 'PK_NEW_SITE_DELIVERY' (U
          NIQUE)
  59   36         TABLE ACCESS (BY INDEX ROWID) OF 'SITE_T' (Cost=1 Ca
          rd=64113 Bytes=384678)
  60   59           INDEX (UNIQUE SCAN) OF 'PK_SITE_T' (UNIQUE)
For a clear view of the execution plan:
Plan Table
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Operation                 |  Name    |  Rows | Bytes|  Cost  | Pstart| Pstop |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| SELECT STATEMENT          |          |     3 |  312 |    341 |       |       |
|  SORT UNIQUE              |          |     3 |  312 |    342 |       |       |
|   UNION-ALL               |          |       |      |        |       |       |
|    CONCATENATION          |          |       |      |        |       |       |
|     FILTER                |          |       |      |        |       |       |
|      NESTED LOOPS         |          |     1 |  100 |     12 |       |       |
|       NESTED LOOPS        |          |     1 |   94 |     11 |       |       |
|        NESTED LOOPS       |          |     1 |   77 |     10 |       |       |
|         NESTED LOOPS      |          |     1 |   52 |      8 |       |       |
|          TABLE ACCESS BY I|USER_DELI |     2 |   58 |      4 |       |       |
|           INDEX RANGE SCAN|IE1_USER_ |     2 |      |      3 |       |       |
|          TABLE ACCESS BY I|USER_DELI |     1M|   26M|      2 |       |       |
|           INDEX UNIQUE SCA|IDX_PK_IN |     1M|      |      1 |       |       |
|         TABLE ACCESS BY IN|APPUSER   |   863K|   20M|      2 |       |       |
|          INDEX UNIQUE SCAN|PK_APPUSE |   863K|      |      1 |       |       |
|        TABLE ACCESS BY IND|SITE_DELI |     3K|   58K|      1 |       |       |
|         INDEX UNIQUE SCAN |PK_NEW_SI |     3K|      |        |       |       |
|       TABLE ACCESS BY INDE|SITE_T    |    64K|  375K|      1 |       |       |
|        INDEX UNIQUE SCAN  |PK_SITE_T |    64K|      |        |       |       |
|      TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX|USER_DELI |     1 |   27 |      6 |       |       |
|       INDEX RANGE SCAN    |IE1_USER_ |     1 |      |      3 |       |       |
|     FILTER                |          |       |      |        |       |       |
|      NESTED LOOPS         |          |     1 |  100 |     12 |       |       |
|       NESTED LOOPS        |          |     1 |   94 |     11 |       |       |
|        NESTED LOOPS       |          |     1 |   77 |     10 |       |       |
|         NESTED LOOPS      |          |     1 |   52 |      8 |       |       |
|          TABLE ACCESS BY I|USER_DELI |     2 |   58 |      4 |       |       |
|           INDEX RANGE SCAN|IE1_USER_ |     2 |      |      3 |       |       |
|          TABLE ACCESS BY I|USER_DELI |     1M|   26M|      2 |       |       |
|           INDEX UNIQUE SCA|IDX_PK_IN |     1M|      |      1 |       |       |
|         TABLE ACCESS BY IN|APPUSER   |   863K|   20M|      2 |       |       |
|          INDEX UNIQUE SCAN|PK_APPUSE |   863K|      |      1 |       |       |
|        TABLE ACCESS BY IND|SITE_DELI |     3K|   58K|      1 |       |       |
|         INDEX UNIQUE SCAN |PK_NEW_SI |     3K|      |        |       |       |
|       TABLE ACCESS BY INDE|SITE_T    |    64K|  375K|      1 |       |       |
|        INDEX UNIQUE SCAN  |PK_SITE_T |    64K|      |        |       |       |
|    NESTED LOOPS           |          |     1 |  112 |    314 |       |       |
|     NESTED LOOPS          |          |     1 |  106 |    313 |       |       |
|      NESTED LOOPS         |          |     1 |   89 |    312 |       |       |
|       NESTED LOOPS        |          |     1 |   64 |    310 |       |       |
|        NESTED LOOPS       |          |     1 |   41 |    306 |       |       |
|         VIEW              |VW_NSO_1  |     1 |   22 |    302 |       |       |
|          SORT GROUP BY    |          |     1 |   35 |    302 |       |       |
|           NESTED LOOPS    |          |     1 |   35 |    299 |       |       |
|            TABLE ACCESS FU|APPUSER_L |     1 |   16 |     93 |       |       |
|            TABLE ACCESS FU|USER_DELI |    73K|    1M|    206 |       |       |
|         TABLE ACCESS BY IN|USER_DELI |   429K|    7M|      4 |       |       |
|          INDEX RANGE SCAN |IE1_USER_ |   429K|      |      3 |       |       |
|        TABLE ACCESS BY IND|USER_DELI |     1M|   26M|      4 |       |       |
|         INDEX RANGE SCAN  |IDX_PK_IN |     1M|      |      3 |       |       |
|       TABLE ACCESS BY INDE|APPUSER   |    43K|    1M|      2 |       |       |
|        INDEX UNIQUE SCAN  |PK_APPUSE |    43K|      |      1 |       |       |
|         NESTED LOOPS      |          |     1 |   31 |      7 |       |       |
|          TABLE ACCESS BY I|USER_DELI |     1 |   24 |      6 |       |       |
|           INDEX RANGE SCAN|IE1_USER_ |     1 |      |      3 |       |       |
|          TABLE ACCESS BY I|SITE_DELI |     3K|   23K|      1 |       |       |
|           INDEX UNIQUE SCA|PK_NEW_SI |     3K|      |        |       |       |
|      TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX|SITE_DELI |     3K|   58K|      1 |       |       |
|       INDEX UNIQUE SCAN   |PK_NEW_SI |     3K|      |        |       |       |
|     TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX |SITE_T    |    64K|  375K|      1 |       |       |
|      INDEX UNIQUE SCAN    |PK_SITE_T |    64K|      |        |       |       |
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All the locks of CBC point to the APPUSER_LOG and USER_DELIVERY_LOG tables.
Could someone help me please in the setting of this query, I need to avoid latch and scattered read... .as application knows huge slow...

-Yasser

YasserRACDBA wrote:

Oracle version: 8.1.6.0.0
The optimizer mode is RULE

We found all sessions waiting performing this query below:

(SELECT /*+ORDERED*/

Even if you run based on rules in general, this query will run based on costs due to the indicator.
Do you have statistics in place to support the OBC?

| VIEW |VW_NSO_1 | 1 | 22 | 302 | | |
| SORT GROUP BY | | 1 | 35 | 302 | | |
| NESTED LOOPS | | 1 | 35 | 299 | | |
| TABLE ACCESS FU|APPUSER_L | 1 | 16 | 93 | | |
| TABLE ACCESS FU|USER_DELI | 73K| 1M| 206 | | |

This is typical of an unnested "IN" subquery - it looks like the optimiser has unnested your double-level IN subquery finding the maximum action date for a user who has done something in the last minute into a massive group and aggregate (so we've got unnesting and complex view merging all in one - I don't think I've seen that in 8i before).

Your db file scattered reads are probably extreme because (a) the USER_DELIxxxx table is big, and (b) the number of rows you are getting from the APPUSER_Lxxx table is more than the one that Oracle expects. You may find that collecting stats on APPUSER_Lxxx addresses this issue

I can't see any reason why the appuser_log table should be subject to cache buffers chains latch problems - if the plan is true than the only thing it suffers is one full scan. However, given the "one row" estimate that comes out of the VW_NOS_1 line, the optimizer is free to do all sorts of silly things as it works through the chain of nested loops, and if the number of rows from the driver is much more than one then the indexed activity against USER_DELIxxx could be huge.

For example:

|         TABLE ACCESS BY IN|USER_DELI |   429K|    7M|      4 |       |       |
|          INDEX RANGE SCAN |IE1_USER_ |   429K|      |      3 |       |       |

Is the next step in this nested loop (and similar things happen more down and in the previous sections of the plan) suggesting that a systematic index scan rnage will pick up thousands of lines - which, even if only about right, could mean a huge number of buffer visits to the table. ... the numbers don't make real sense, either by the way, but once again, it is probably due to the lack of appropriate statistics.

Concerning
Jonathan Lewis
http://jonathanlewis.WordPress.com
http://www.jlcomp.demon.co.UK

"Science is more than a body of knowledge; It's a way of thinking. "
Carl Sagan

Tags: Database

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