DB_WRITER_PROCESSES in Oracle 10.2.0.4 HP UX

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• Test the Oracle Instance on the smaller box (RAM problems)

  I got the task of taking an existing database of production and creation of a database of test on a much smaller box. The production box has 48 GB of RAM and eight CPUS (Itanium running HP - UX 11.23). The test box has four gigabytes of RAM and a processor. We had a process in place in the past to do this for Oracle 9i. All the data files, redo logs and Oracle 10g binaries are hosted on an HP EVA SAN, so we use snapshot or mirror of the cloning technology during the production on the test server instance.
  
  On Oracle 9i, we used to copy the data, delete the control files, then run a script to create new files of control for the test instance. I don't know if the old 9i writing work and have not yet tested this part. Mainly because I have problems to get the test instance to start reliably in the first place. When I copied all the data on, I changed the tnsnames.ora to reflect the host name of the new machine. I made a few adjustments in the file init.ora for production DB as well. At the beginning, I was able to start the database and everything seemed fine. But when I tried to stop him, he gave me the following error message:
  
  [07:32] [oracle@OracleC:~]$sqlplus "/ as sysdba"]
  
  SQL * more: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production Wed Jul 22 07:32:11 2009
  
  Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle. All rights reserved.
  
  Connect to an instance is idle.
  
  SQL > startup nomount;
  ORA-03113: end of file on communication channel
  
  
  This error is broad enough that I am certain that what he means is a bad server configuration of database for me probably a problem in the init.ora or SPFILE with a parameter that is calibrated for 48 GB box, not the box of 4 GB.
  
  Here's what I have in my init.ora file:
  
  ===========================================================================
  
  ###########################################
  IO and cache memory #.
  ###########################################
  DB_BLOCK_SIZE = 8192
  
  ###########################################
  # The library Cache and sliders
  ###########################################
  open_cursors = 300
  
  ###########################################
  # Diagnostic and statistical
  ###########################################
  background_dump_dest = / oracle10g/admin/prod/bdump
  core_dump_dest = / oracle10g/admin/prod/cdump
  TIMED_STATISTICS = TRUE
  user_dump_dest = / oracle10g/admin/prod/udump
  
  ###########################################
  # Distributed replication and snapshot
  ###########################################
  db_domain =""
  Remote_login_passwordfile = EXCLUSIVE lock
  
  ###########################################
  # Configuration file
  ###########################################
  control_files = ("/ oradata10g/prod/control02.ctl",)
  "/ oradata10g/prod/control03.ctl"
  "" / oradata10g/prod/control04.ctl ")"
  
  ###########################################
  # MTS
  ###########################################
  # Uncomment the following line when your listener is configured for SSL
  # (listener.ora and sqlnet.ora)
  dispatchers # = "(PROTOCOL = CST)(SER=MODOSE) ', ' (PROTOCOL = CST)(PRE=oracle.aurora.server.GiopServer) ', ' (PROTOCOL =)(PRE=oracle.aurora.server.SGiopServer) CST.
  "Dispatchers ="(Protocol=TCP) (SER = MODOSE) "," (PROTOCOL = TCP)(PRE=oracle.aurora.server.GiopServer) ","(PROTOCOL=TCP) (PRE = oracle.aurora.server.SGiopServer) "
  
  ###########################################
  # Various
  ###########################################
  compatible = 10.2.0
  db_name = prod
  
  ###########################################
  # Network registration
  ###########################################
  instance_name = prod
  
  ###########################################
  # Pools
  ###########################################
  JAVA_POOL_SIZE = 24 M
  #shared_pool_size = 1610612736
  # is moved to 128M by George Lenzer to the TEST instance on 06/07/2009
  shared_pool_size = 134217728
  
  ###########################################
  # Process and Sessions
  ###########################################
  process = 500
  
  ###########################################
  Recovery and # redo Log
  ###########################################
  fast_start_mttr_target = 300
  
  ###########################################
  # Sort, hash joins, index Bitmap
  ###########################################
  #sort_area_size = 5242880
  
  ###########################################
  # System managed Undo and Rollback Segments
  ###########################################
  #undo_retention = 7200
  UNDO_RETENTION = 14400
  UNDO_MANAGEMENT = AUTO
  undo_tablespace = UNDOTBS
  
  UTL_FILE_DIR = *.
  
  DB_FILES = 256
  
  # The value db_cache_size 128M for the TEST by G instance. Lenzer 07-02-2009
  
  db_cache_size = 128 M
  db_file_multiblock_read_count = 8
  
  #log_archive_dest = / ora_archlog
  #log_archive_format='arch_%r_%t_%s.arc'
  
  # the recommendation is 1 per UC
  
  db_writer_processes = 1
  
  sort_area_size = 10485760
  
  ===========================================================================
  
  There is also a little info. When I try to start the DB and it's just sitting there, my only way out is to kill the process only oracle executes:
  
  Oracle 4370 4365 247 09:27:18? 09:59 oracleprod (DESCRIPTION =(LOCAL=YES) (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = DOB)))
  
  Then I run "ipcrm". But if I run "swapinfo", it always indicates that most of the system's RAM is eaten up:
  
  [09:38] [root@OracleC:~]$swapinfo
  Ko Ko Ko START PCT / Kb
  TYPE AVAIL USED FREE USED LIMIT RESERVE PRI NAME
  dev 4194304 0 4194304 0% 0-1/dev/vg00/lvol2
  dev 4194304 0 4194304 0% 0-2/dev/vg00/lvol10
  reserve - 8388608-8388608
  memory 4182760 4070604 112156 97%
  
  I can't to free up RAM (which is usually about 20% used) after the start of Oracle attempt. The kernel parameters are defined for Oracle9i recommendations, so that they should not be too far from what is recommended for Oracle 10 g.
  
  I worked on it for about two or three weeks and I am almost of ideas. So any suggestions are welcome.
  
  Published by: deckard2 on July 22, 2009 07:05

  Here's a quick explanation: http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B19306_01/install.102/b14316/ofa.htm#sthref872
  (this is for Windows, but also OK for Unix)

  You can put your SPFILE or INIT files in the directory admin/pfile but Oracle looking at this place unless you create a Unix link in $ORACLE_HOME/dbs /.

• dbwr_io_slaves or db_writer_processes

  Im having a little trouble to understand the situations in which the dbwr_io_slaves use would be better db_writer_processes, it would be good if someone could explain it clearly or point me to documentation that explains it cleary.
  
  I have a secondary course related to im, which is the issue, one of the databases that I deal with has a large number of dirty buffers (ie: > 600 000) at the moment the only way I know to clear it and reduce the number is to restart the database from time to time (this is not something I want to do and need a better solution).
  
  Some basic information:
  
  The database gets loaded information in batch on a daily basis, the server on the database works has two dual core cpu popular with 8 GB of ram, there are also a few other databases running on these systems, as well.

  have I not my process dbwr configured OK?
  db_writer_processes = 1
  dbwr_io_slaves = 2

  There is no "golden rule" nor a formula for 'golden '. Configure the DBWR settings only if you really have a problem with DBWR write. Even then, first you would look at the (SAN or NAS or DASD) storage, i/o channels and OS settings and exhaust all other options before we look at these.

  If you use "dbwr_io_slaves" then you ask Oracle to simulate asynchronous IO, on the assumption that the operating system doesn't implement asynchronous IO or not doing well.
  Note that 'dbwr_io_slaves' and 'db_writer_processes' should not be set up together.

  See the MetaLink Notes 62172.1 and 97291.1

  Your first step is to determine if you really have a problem of performance DBWR.
  There is no evidence of what you have presented so far.

  The number of "Dirty buffers" is more a function of the way and the number of transactions is performed - IE the load, rather than the flow.

• DB_WRITER_PROCESSES

  Hi guys,.
  
  The [Oracle reference | http://www.acs.ilstu.edu/docs/oracle/server.101/b10755/initparams055.htm] says to DB_WRITER_PROCESSES
  
  Integer parameter type
  By default the value 1 or CPU_COUNT / 8, if it is greater
  Not editable
  Range of values from 1 to 20
  Basic No.
  
  Why are told that it is not editable? I thought that we could change this setting to specify the number of DBW we want began at the start of the instance.
  
  Thank you

  Don't forget that:

  Database writer (DBWR) process.

  1 performs all writing of buffers of data files.
  2 is responsible for the management of the buffer cache.

  Management of the buffer Cache.

  1. when a buffer in the buffer cache is modified, it is marked "dirty".
  2 DBWR maintains the 'clean' buffer cache by writing Sales buffers to disk.
  3. as the buffers are filled and dirtied by the user process, the number of free buffers decreases. If the number of free buffer drops too low, process user who should read disk blocks in the cache is not able to find free tampons. DBWR manages the buffer cache so that the user process can always find free tampons.
  4. an LRU (least recently used) algorithm keeps the most recently used data in memory blocks

  The process DBWR writes dirty buffer on the drive under these conditions:

  * When a server process moves a buffer to the dirty list and discovers that the dirty list has reached a length threshold, the server signals DBWR to write process.
  * When a process server research a threshold buffer LRU list without finding a buffer without, it stops searching and signals DBWR to write (because that not free enough buffers are available and DBWR must make room for more).
  * When a timeout occurs (three seconds), DBWR reports itself.
  * In the case of a checkpoint, the Log Writer (LGWR) signals DBWR process.

  Reference: Concepts Oracle http://tahiti.oracle.com

  See you soon,.

  Francisco Munoz Alvarez
  http://oraclenz.WordPress.com

  Published by: F.Munoz Alvarez on November 30, 2012 11:05

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