Perfect way to use FXMLs

Hey there,

I've been coding in JavaFX for a long time now, but recently, I chose to switch from Java to build UI to FXMLs, and I'm confused of hell. Although I caught a few things like controllers, annotations initialize() and @FXML, there are still a few things that I think I'll take a wrong way to do it, so just need your suggestions.

First lets consider a scenario where I have a BorderPane with a Menu above it.

Now, based on Menu selection, I'm populating the left side of the BorderPane, who are my sub menu.

Based on the selection in the left menu, I filled my centre of the BorderPane.

Now, my approach is to create 3 files FXML i.e.

1 home.fxml (borderpane as root and just has a menu inside)

2 submenu.fxml (with a vbox with the buttons of submenu)

3 view.fxml (having a gridpane with labels and the textfields)

I have 3 controllers for each of them and in my startup method I have the following code, the MainWindow class extends the Application,

Public MainWindow extends the Application

{

public static BorderPane borderPane ;

     public void start(){

          FXMLLoader loader = new FXMLLoader();
          borderPane = (BorderPane)loader.load(getClass().getResource("home.fxml"));

}

}

Inside HomeController :

On the click of each menu I call a different method, here I am just showing an example of one method :

Public Sub handleUser()

{

FXMLLoader loader = new FXMLLoader();

MainWindow.borderPane.setLeft ((BorderPane) loader.load (getClass () .getResource ("submenu.fxml")));

}


Inside SubMenuController :

I similarly load the GridPane and set it on the center of the borderPane. I have different subMenus and I am showing an example of just one submenu:

Public Sub handleUserSubMenu1()

{

FXMLLoader loader = new FXMLLoader();

MainWindow.borderPane.setCenter ((BorderPane) loader.load (getClass () .getResource ("view.fxml")));

}

Inside ViewController,

I have different @FXML annotations for the textFields and use them.

Is this the correct way to use FXML? First thing is to use "public static BorderPane borderPane ; ' which I think is fair.

I have more than a few doubts, but do not want to go step by step.

Post edited by: abhinay_agarwal

Big question. It would certainly help someone set up an example of this as part of the official documentation of JavaFX. (If I have time, I could create a blog somewhere, but no promises.)

As you have noticed, exposing the BorderPane as a public static field is probably not the best approach for two reasons:

1. it is not very easy to manage. It's probably unlikely, but if you later decide you do want to use a BorderPane at all (maybe an AnchorPane instead), it would be very difficult to change your code.

2. your primary display is now tightly coupled to your application: cannot use the view outside your MainWindow as you would not be able to change points of view.

My solution preferred for this type of scenario is to have the controllers for the smaller parts of the user interface expose properties that can be observed by the controller for the main part of the user interface. If your submenu controller can expose a property of the "current selected view. The home controller can quite easily to get a reference to the menu SUP command and observe this property for changes. The goal of very big when I draw these is that controllers have access to aspects of the graphic scene below the node that they control you and he do not have access to all the foregoing. I'm also trying to expose only the data from controllers, not the scene graph nodes.

I'm not 100% clear on the Setup you describe. I don't think that you plan to load home.fxml once again in your handleUser() method, but some other fxml. But the general idea is that the selections of different menu in the menu defined in home.fxml fill the left side of the BorderPane with different submenus (represented by the buttons, if you want to have the flexibility to change that) and then different selections in these submenus should cause a different opinion to be loaded and displayed in the center of the BorderPane. (Hope this is true).

I approach this kind of different configurations with HomeController change point of view in all parts of the BorderPane. To do this, the HomeController must have a reference to the controller for the submenu on the left, and this controller must expose a property showing what is currently selected. So I would do something like this:

SubMenuController: features common to all the controllers menu SUP:

public interface SubMenuController {
     public ReadOnlyObjectProperty selectedViewProperty();
     public URL getSelectedView() ;
}

HomeController:

public class HomeController {
     private final ObjectProperty currentSubMenuController = new SimpleObjectProperty<>();
     @FXML
     private BorderPane root ; // root element of home.fxml, injected as usual with fx:id="root"
     // ...
     public void handleUser() {
          // Note I fixed you loader code, which is slightly incorrect (doesn't quite do what you think):
          FXMLLoader loader = new FXMLLoader(getClass().getResource("userSubMenu.fxml"));
          Parent userSubMenu = (Parent) loader.load();
          currentSubMenuController.set((SubMenuController)loader.getController());
          root.setLeft(userSubMenu);
     }
     // ...
}

UserSubMenuController (controller for userSubMenu):

public class UserSubMenuController implements SubMenuController {
     private final ReadOnlyObjectWrapper selectedView = new ReadOnlyObjectWrapper<>(this, "selectedView", null);
     @Override
     public final ReadOnlyObjectProperty selectedViewProperty() {
          return selectedView.readOnlyProperty();
     }
     @Override
     public final URL getSelectedView() {
          return selectedView.get();
     }
     // handler method for selection button:
     public void handleFooSelection() {
          selectedView.set(...); // url for view you want in the center of the BorderPane
     }
}

and there will be similar controllers for each of your submenus.

Now, you must do your HomeController abreast of changes to the selectedViewProperty() for the currently under menu. An affair can help here:

HomeController (new):

public class HomeController {
     // same code I showed above, plus:
     public void initialize() {
          // selectedView property of currentSubMenu:
          ObservableValue subMenuSelectedView = Bindings.select(currentSubMenuController, "selectedView");
           subMenuSelectedView.addListener(new ChangeListener() {
               public void changed(ObservableValue obs, URL oldView, URL newView) {
                    if (newView == null) {
                         root.setCenter(null);
                    } else {
                         FXMLLoader loader = new FXMLLoader(newView);
                         Parent view = (Parent) loader.load();
                         root.setCenter(view);
                    }
               }
          });
          // ...
     }
     // ...
}

I hope that there is enough detail here to make sense. I just typed the code here is likely to have some typos and perhaps some errors (I think I missed a few exceptions...), but it should be enough to give you some ideas.

Tags: Java

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