Building xml in oracle without unnecessary tags using sql

I wanted to build XML in oracle using sql, I found a way to construction using sql functions after a little research, I am completely unaware of any XML. My query is


SELECT XMLELEMENT("orderwave",
  XMLAGG(XMLELEMENT("order_header",
   -- XMLATTRIBUTES(t2.l_name AS "order_number"),
  XMLFOREST(
  nvl(t2.l_name,' ') as "order_number",
   (
  SELECT XMLAGG(XMLELEMENT("order_line",
  XMLFOREST( nvl(t1.l_name,' ') AS "label_type",
  nvl(t1.l_num,0) AS "lpn",
  nvl(t1.l_num,0) AS "sku"
   )
   )
   ) 
  FROM test_table t1
  WHERE UPPER(t1.record_type)='D'  
   ) AS sap
   )
   )
   )
   ) AS HEADER
  FROM test_table t2
  WHERE UPPER(t2.record_type) ='H';


My problem is for using xmlforest, I had to use alias name 'sap' in my query to work and to get xml output. If i am using that, I am getting an unwanted tag 'SAP' around my data which I have to later cut it, which is unacceptable. Is there a way I can get rid of this extra 'SAP' tag without having to cut. The output data is


<orderwave>
   <order_header>
   <order_number>order1</order_number>
   <SAP>
   <order_line>
   <label_type>test1</label_type>
   <lpn>1</lpn>
   <sku>1</sku>
   </order_line>
   <order_line>
   <label_type>test2</label_type>
   <lpn>2</lpn>
   <sku>2</sku>
   </order_line>
   <order_line>
   <label_type />
   <lpn>0</lpn>
   <sku>0</sku>
   </order_line>
   </SAP>
   </order_header>
   <order_header>
   <order_number>order2</order_number>
   <SAP>
   <order_line>
   <label_type>test1</label_type>
   <lpn>1</lpn>
   <sku>1</sku>
   </order_line>
   <order_line>
   <label_type>test2</label_type>
   <lpn>2</lpn>
   <sku>2</sku>
   </order_line>
   <order_line>
   <label_type />
   <lpn>0</lpn>
   <sku>0</sku>
   </order_line>
   </SAP>
   </order_header>
</orderwave>


  Any help is really appreciated and thanks in advance.

-- sample data
with test_table
as
(
    select 'H' record_type, 'order1' l_name, 0 l_num from dual
    union all
    select 'H' record_type, 'order2' l_name, 0 l_num from dual
    union all
    select 'D' record_type, 'test1'  l_name, 1 l_num from dual
    union all
    select 'D' record_type, 'test2'  l_name, 2 l_num from dual
)
-- end of sample data
select xmlelement
       (
          "order_wave"
        , xmlagg
          (
            xmlelement
            (
                "order_header"
              , xmlelement("order_number", t1.l_name)
              , xmlagg
                (
                  xmlelement
                  (
                     "order_line"
                   , xmlelement("label_type", t2.l_name)
                   , xmlelement("lpn", t2.l_num)
                   , xmlelement("sku", t2.l_num)
                  )
                )
            )
          )
       ) xml_data
  from test_table t1
 cross
  join test_table t2
 where t1.record_type = 'H'
   and t2.record_type = 'D'
 group
    by t1.l_name;

-- output
/*

        
                order1
                
                        test1
                        1
                        1
                
                
                        test2
                        2
                        2
                
        
        
                order2
                
                        test1
                        1
                        1
                
                
                        test2
                        2
                        2
                
        

*/

Tags: Database

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  2  select least(rownum,3) as val, '*' as pad
  3    from dual
  4  connect by level <= 1000000;

Table created

SQL> create index idx on t(val);

Index created

SQL> select val, count(*)
  2    from t
  3   group by val;

       VAL   COUNT(*)
---------- ----------
         1          1
         2          1
         3     999998

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PL/SQL procedure successfully completed

SQL> select blocks, num_rows  from dba_tab_statistics
  2   where table_name = 'T';

    BLOCKS   NUM_ROWS
---------- ----------
      3106    1000000

SQL> select blevel, leaf_blocks, clustering_factor
  2    from dba_ind_statistics t
  3   where table_name = 'T'
  4     and index_name = 'IDX';

    BLEVEL LEAF_BLOCKS CLUSTERING_FACTOR
---------- ----------- -----------------
         2        4017              3107

SQL> select column_name,
  2         num_distinct,
  3         density,
  4         num_nulls,
  5         low_value,
  6         high_value
  7    from dba_tab_col_statistics
  8   where table_name = 'T'
  9     and column_name = 'VAL';

COLUMN_NAME  NUM_DISTINCT    DENSITY  NUM_NULLS      LOW_VALUE      HIGH_VALUE
------------ ------------ ---------- ---------- -------------- ---------------
VAL                     3 0,33333333          0           C102            C104

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    We will try to explain the plan

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  2  select --+ no_cpu_costing
  3         *
  4    from t
  5   where val = 1
  6  ;

Explained

SQL> @plan

--------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation         | Name | Rows  | Cost  |
--------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT  |      |   333K|   300 |
|*  1 |  TABLE ACCESS FULL| T    |   333K|   300 |
--------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
   1 - filter("VAL"=1)
Note
-----
   - cpu costing is off (consider enabling it)

    An excerpt from trace 10053

    BASE STATISTICAL INFORMATION
***********************
Table Stats::
  Table:  T  Alias:  T
    #Rows: 1000000  #Blks:  3106  AvgRowLen:  5.00
Index Stats::
  Index: IDX  Col#: 1
    LVLS: 2  #LB: 4017  #DK: 3  LB/K: 1339.00  DB/K: 1035.00  CLUF: 3107.00
***************************************
SINGLE TABLE ACCESS PATH
  -----------------------------------------
  BEGIN Single Table Cardinality Estimation
  -----------------------------------------
  Column (#1): VAL(NUMBER)
    AvgLen: 3.00 NDV: 3 Nulls: 0 Density: 0.33333 Min: 1 Max: 3
  Table:  T  Alias: T
    Card: Original: 1000000  Rounded: 333333  Computed: 333333.33  Non Adjusted: 333333.33
  -----------------------------------------
  END   Single Table Cardinality Estimation
  -----------------------------------------
  Access Path: TableScan
    Cost:  300.00  Resp: 300.00  Degree: 0
      Cost_io: 300.00  Cost_cpu: 0
      Resp_io: 300.00  Resp_cpu: 0
  Access Path: index (AllEqRange)
    Index: IDX
    resc_io: 2377.00  resc_cpu: 0
    ix_sel: 0.33333  ix_sel_with_filters: 0.33333
    Cost: 2377.00  Resp: 2377.00  Degree: 1
  Best:: AccessPath: TableScan
         Cost: 300.00  Degree: 1  Resp: 300.00  Card: 333333.33  Bytes: 0

    FTS here costs 300 and Index Range Scan here costs 2377.
    I disabled cpu cost, so the selectivity does not affect the cost of FTS.
    cost of the Index Range Scan is calculated as
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    We will try to collect histograms:

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PL/SQL procedure successfully completed

    If you look at dba_tab_histograms you can see more

    SQL> select endpoint_value,
  2         endpoint_number
  3    from dba_tab_histograms
  4   where table_name = 'T'
  5     and column_name = 'VAL'
  6  ;

ENDPOINT_VALUE ENDPOINT_NUMBER
-------------- ---------------
             1               1
             2               2
             3         1000000

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    explain the plan and track 10053 the same query:

    ------------------------------------------------------------
| Id  | Operation                   | Name | Rows  | Cost  |
------------------------------------------------------------
|   0 | SELECT STATEMENT            |      |     1 |     4 |
|   1 |  TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID| T    |     1 |     4 |
|*  2 |   INDEX RANGE SCAN          | IDX  |     1 |     3 |
------------------------------------------------------------
Predicate Information (identified by operation id):
---------------------------------------------------
   2 - access("VAL"=1)
Note
-----
   - cpu costing is off (consider enabling it)

    ***************************************
BASE STATISTICAL INFORMATION
***********************
Table Stats::
  Table:  T  Alias:  T
    #Rows: 1000000  #Blks:  3106  AvgRowLen:  5.00
Index Stats::
  Index: IDX  Col#: 1
    LVLS: 2  #LB: 4017  #DK: 3  LB/K: 1339.00  DB/K: 1035.00  CLUF: 3107.00
***************************************
SINGLE TABLE ACCESS PATH
  -----------------------------------------
  BEGIN Single Table Cardinality Estimation
  -----------------------------------------
  Column (#1): VAL(NUMBER)
    AvgLen: 3.00 NDV: 3 Nulls: 0 Density: 5.0000e-07 Min: 1 Max: 3
    Histogram: Freq  #Bkts: 3  UncompBkts: 1000000  EndPtVals: 3
  Table:  T  Alias: T
    Card: Original: 1000000  Rounded: 1  Computed: 1.00  Non Adjusted: 1.00
  -----------------------------------------
  END   Single Table Cardinality Estimation
  -----------------------------------------
  Access Path: TableScan
    Cost:  300.00  Resp: 300.00  Degree: 0
      Cost_io: 300.00  Cost_cpu: 0
      Resp_io: 300.00  Resp_cpu: 0
  Access Path: index (AllEqRange)
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    ix_sel: 1.0000e-06  ix_sel_with_filters: 1.0000e-06
    Cost: 4.00  Resp: 4.00  Degree: 1
  Best:: AccessPath: IndexRange  Index: IDX
         Cost: 4.00  Degree: 1  Resp: 4.00  Card: 1.00  Bytes: 0

    Be careful on selectivity, ix_sel: 1.0000e - 06
    Cost of the FTS is always the same = 300,
    but the cost of the Index Range Scan is now 4: 2 blocks from root/branch + block 1 sheet + 1 table blocks.

    So, conclusion: histograms to calculate more accurate selectivity. The goal is to have more efficient execution plans.

    Alexander Anokhin
    http://alexanderanokhin.WordPress.com/

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    OE>>
OE>>select * from v$version;

BANNER
----------------------------------------------------------------
Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.3.0 - Prod
PL/SQL Release 10.2.0.3.0 - Production
CORE    10.2.0.3.0      Production
TNS for 32-bit Windows: Version 10.2.0.3.0 - Production
NLSRTL Version 10.2.0.3.0 - Production

Elapsed: 00:00:03.41
OE>>
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<!ELEMENT period (start,end) >
<!ELEMENT start (#PCDATA) >
<!ELEMENT end   (#PCDATA) >
<!ELEMENT EmployeeList (emp)+ >
<!ELEMENT emp (Employee_ID,First,Sal,HireDate) >
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<!ELEMENT First (#PCDATA) >
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  DBMS_XMLSCHEMA.registerURI(
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                               GENBEAN=>FALSE, 
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END;
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  v_return  BOOLEAN; 
BEGIN 
  v_return := dbms_xdb.createFolder('/satid/');
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END;
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  DBMS_XMLSchema.registerSchema(
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                               ); 
END;
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http://localhost/satid/
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  2    DBMS_XMLSchema.registerSchema(
  3      schemaurl=>'http://localhost/satid/StandardInterfaces.xsd', 
  4      schemadoc=>sys.UriFactory.getUri('/satid/StandardInterfaces.xsd')); 
  5  END; 
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BEGIN
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-31001: Invalid resource handle or path name "/satid/StandardInterfaces.xsd"
ORA-06512: at "SYS.XDBURITYPE", line 4
ORA-06512: at "XDB.DBMS_XMLSCHEMA", line 167
ORA-06512: at line 2


Elapsed: 00:00:01.03
OE>
OE>
OE>DECLARE 
  2    v_return  BOOLEAN; 
  3  BEGIN 
  4    v_return := dbms_xdb.createFolder('/satid/');
  5    COMMIT;
  6  END; 
  7  /

PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

Elapsed: 00:00:08.42
OE>
OE>
OE>BEGIN 
  2    DBMS_XMLSchema.registerSchema(
  3      schemaurl=>'http://localhost/satid/StandardInterfaces.xsd', 
  4      schemadoc=>sys.UriFactory.getUri('/satid/StandardInterfaces.xsd')); 
  5  END; 
  6  /
BEGIN
*
ERROR at line 1:
ORA-31001: Invalid resource handle or path name "/satid/StandardInterfaces.xsd"
ORA-06512: at "SYS.XDBURITYPE", line 4
ORA-06512: at "XDB.DBMS_XMLSCHEMA", line 167
ORA-06512: at line 2


Elapsed: 00:00:00.00
OE>
OE>
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