Question for NAT exemption
I have an ASA 5545 X 9.6 1 code running, and I had a question regarding NAT exemptions for Anyconnect VPN client.
When I initially configured the Anyconnect VPN, I did the usual steps: created a local customer pool, authentication, customer software image and exemptions of NAT using the new syntax. Example of
NAT (inside, outside) static source PROD-PROD-NETWORKS static destination VPN CLIENT VPN CLIENT POOL no-proxy-arp-route search
I also have an ACL of VPN clients.
Then I added a network in the ACL, added a route on the network of the SAA, but I forgot to put this network in the group that the above (PROD-NETWORKS). In other words, I forgot to make an exemption nat for this new network.
But customers were still able to connect to the new network without derogation.
If something has changed? Is - it is no longer necessary? How is this even work?
Hi Colin,
Well usually NAT exemption is necessary 9.X code introduced the volatile PAT PAT and multisession feature, the feature of p. - session is enabled by default and is allowed for better scalability, this feature also is not a timeout which means that you can have more & than multisession (translations of PAT in the course of a single IP address) , this now to return to the initial request, let´s, remember that a dynamic NAT is not bidirectional, so you're from the VPN client to the IP address of the client, and it is allowed. This is (is there an object configured for the internet that must be put in correspondence of NAT?), what line # is the exemption of NAT in? What happens if you delete the exemption of NAT, or place as line 1?
Because you are specifying NAT exemption is still being offset, it seems somehow just, but if you see it in the prospect that the dynamic NAT is one-way for internal hosts, and the current flow rate seems to be: VPN user accesses the SAA and this is allowed because it is a VPN traffic and "Sysopt connection permit-vpn" allows traffic and while he has not matched NAT (right here should the free equivalent of) NAT, if it isn't, it is does not match any other NAT for the host 'outside') then just traffic continues to go to the internal host (path Session Management), then the answer must match this stream via the (Fast Path flow), obviously the package is the encapsulated and encrypted and vice versa as well.
Keep me posted!
Please note and mark it as correct the helpful post!
David Castro,
Tags: Cisco Security
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Hi all
Just a mental block, I feel at the moment.
ASA 5585 code 9.0.x race - there is no NAT configuration at all on the box. This ASA firewall will end a site to site VPN. -
My question is - is a rule of "NAT exemption" required... .similar to the crypto ACL for the traffic in the tunnel... .or is NAT exemption required only when NAT is configured.
My apologies if this is a silly question
Thank you
James
When there is no NAT config, the ASA will pass all traffic not translated, which includes the traffic tunnel. If you're right, you don't need any NAT exemption.
However, you can configure it. For example, if you plan to add NAT at a later stage, then it might be easier to implement than NAT if your NAT exemption is already in place.
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Public and private IPs on the same Interface by using NAT Exemption/policy NAT
I'm looking for some feedback on whether my thoughts on the installation program will run.
Equipment: PIX 515E 6.2 (2)
Scenario:
The inside interface of the PIX will host 3 blocks of addresses IP - 24 public 2 blocks and 1 private/16 block. (All IP addresses have been replaced by dummy blocks.)
Blocks of audiences:
* 192.168.10.0/24
* 192.168.20.0/24
Block of private:
* 10.50.0.0/16
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The two blocs of the public will be able to receive connections initiated from the Internet.
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* Use the exemption of NAT to exempt the block private NAT when connecting to our head office on the VPN tunnel.
* Use policy NAT w / PAT to translate the block private connecting to all other hosts.
I have translated these thoughts in the following configuration snippet.
Because the NAT exemption is processed before policy NAT in the evaluation of the NAT rules, I believe that this should allow the public IP blocks treat incoming/outgoing traffic without translation, while submitting the private translation block (except during handling of incoming/outgoing connections to our network of corporate office).
Can someone confirm my assumptions about this?
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
traffic of # which should be exempted from translation
permit ip 192.168.10.0 access list nat_exempt 255.255.255.0 any
nat_exempt 192.168.20.0 ip access list allow 255.255.255.0 any
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traffic of # which should be the subject of translation
policy_nat ip 10.50.0.0 access list allow 255.255.0.0 any
# Suppose 192.168.5.1 is the address to use for PAT
Global (outside) 1 192.168.5.1
NAT (inside) 0-list of access nat_exempt
NAT (inside) 1 access-list policy_nat
# assumes that 192.168.10.7 is the IP address of the inside layer 3 switch
Route inside 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.10.7 1
Route inside 192.168.20.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.10.7 1
Route inside 10.50.0.0 255.255.0.0 192.168.10.7 1
#assume the following configuration sections appear elsewhere: static tunnel VPN, ACL, ifconfig, etc..
# ----------------------------------------------------------------------
Yes, this will work, even if you don't need political NAT for the 10.50.0.0 network. For PAT the 10.50.0.0 network when to anywhere (except via VPN) just do:
Global 1 192.168.15.1 (outside)
NAT (inside) 1 10.50.0.0 255.255.0.0
As I said, you have works perfectly, the above is just an easier way to do it.
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Coming out of the IPSec VPN connection behind Pix535 problem: narrowed down for NAT-Associates
Hello world
Previously, I've seen a similar thread and posted my troubles with the outbound VPN connections inside that thread:
https://supportforums.Cisco.com/message/3688980#3688980
I had the great help but unfortunatedly my problem is a little different and connection problem. Here, I summarize once again our configurations:
hostname pix535 8.0 (4)
all PC here use IP private such as 10.1.0.0/16 by dynamic NAT, we cannot initiate an OUTBOUND IPSec VPN (for example QuickVPN) at our offices, but the reverse (inbound) is very well (we have IPsec working long server /PP2P). I did a few tests of new yesterday which showed that if the PC a static NAT (mapped to a real public IP), outgoing connection VPN is fine; If the same PC has no static NAT (he hides behind the dynamic NAT firewall), outgoing VPN is a no-go (same IP to the same PC), so roughly, I have narrowed down our connection problem VPN is related to NAT, here are a few commands for NAT of our PIX:
interface GigabitEthernet0
Description to cable-modem
nameif outside
security-level 0
IP 70.169.X.X 255.255.255.0
OSPF cost 10
!
interface GigabitEthernet1
Description inside 10/16
nameif inside
security-level 100
IP 10.1.1.254 255.255.0.0
OSPF cost 10
!
!
interface Ethernet2
Vlan30 description
nameif dmz2
security-level 50
IP 30.30.30.30 255.255.255.0
OSPF cost 10
!
permit same-security-traffic inter-interface
permit same-security-traffic intra-interface......
Global interface 10 (external)
Global (dmz2) interface 10
NAT (inside) 0-list of access inside_nat0_outbound
NAT (inside) 10 inside8 255.255.255.0
NAT (inside) 10 Vlan10 255.255.255.0
NAT (inside) 10 vlan50 255.255.255.0
NAT (inside) 10 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0
NAT (inside) 10 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.0
NAT (inside) 10 192.168.10.0 255.255.255.0
NAT (inside) 10 pix-inside 255.255.0.0Crypto isakmp nat-traversal 3600
-------
Results of packet capture are listed here for the same PC for the same traffic to Server VPN brach, the main difference is UDP 4500 (PC with static NAT has good traffic UDP 4500, does not have the same PC with dynamic NAT):
#1: when the PC uses static NAT, it is good of outgoing VPN:
54 packets captured
1: 15:43:51.112054 10.1.1.82.1608 > 76.196.10.57.443: S 1763806634:1763806634 (0) win 64240
2: 15:43:54.143028 10.1.1.82.1608 > 76.196.10.57.443: S 1763806634:1763806634 (0) win 64240
3: 15:44:00.217273 10.1.1.82.1608 > 76.196.10.57.443: S 1763806634:1763806634 (0) win 64240
4: 15:44:01.724938 10.1.1.82.1609 > 76.196.10.57.60443: S 2904546955:2904546955 (0) win 64240
5: 15:44:01.784642 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1609: S 2323205974:2323205974 (0) ack 2904546956 win 5808
6: 15:44:01.784886 10.1.1.82.1609 > 76.196.10.57.60443:. ACK 2323205975 win 64240
7: 15:44:01.785527 10.1.1.82.1609 > 76.196.10.57.60443: P 2904546956:2904547080 (124) ack 2323205975 win 64240
8: 15:44:01.856462 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1609:. ACK 2904547080 win 5808
9: 15:44:01.899596 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1609: P 2323205975:2323206638 (663) ack 2904547080 win 5808
10: 15:44:02.056897 10.1.1.82.1609 > 76.196.10.57.60443:. ACK 2323206638 win 63577
11: 15:44:03.495030 10.1.1.82.1609 > 76.196.10.57.60443: P 2904547080:2904547278 (198) ack 2323206638 win 63577
12: 15:44:03.667095 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1609:. ACK 2904547278 win 6432
13: 15:44:03.740592 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1609: P 2323206638:2323206697 (59) ack 2904547278 win 6432
14: 15:44:03.741264 10.1.1.82.1609 > 76.196.10.57.60443: P 2904547278:2904547576 (298) ack 2323206697 win 63518
15: 15:44:03.814029 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1609:. ACK 2904547576 win 7504
16: 15:44:06.989008 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1609: P 2323206697:2323207075 (378) ack 2904547576 win 7504
17: 15:44:06.990228 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1609: 2323207075:2323207075 F (0) ack 2904547576 win 7504
18: 15:44:06.990564 10.1.1.82.1609 > 76.196.10.57.60443:. ACK 2323207076 win 63140
19: 15:44:06.990656 10.1.1.82.1609 > 76.196.10.57.60443: P 2904547576:2904547613 (37) ack 2323207076 win 63140
20: 15:44:06.990854 10.1.1.82.1609 > 76.196.10.57.60443: 2904547613:2904547613 F (0) ack 2323207076 win 63140
21: 15:44:07.049359 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1609: R 2323207076:2323207076 (0) win 0
22: 15:44:17.055417 10.1.1.82.500 > 76.196.10.57.500: udp 276
23: 15:44:17.137657 76.196.10.57.500 > 10.1.1.82.500: udp 140
24: 15:44:17.161475 10.1.1.82.500 > 76.196.10.57.500: udp 224
25: 15:44:17.309066 76.196.10.57.500 > 10.1.1.82.500: udp 220
26: 15:44:17.478780 10.1.1.82.4500 > 76.196.10.57.4500: udp 80
27: 15:44:17.550356 76.196.10.57.4500 > 10.1.1.82.4500: 64 udp
28: 15:44:17.595214 10.1.1.82.4500 > 76.196.10.57.4500: udp 304
29: 15:44:17.753470 76.196.10.57.4500 > 10.1.1.82.4500: udp 304
30: 15:44:17.763037 10.1.1.82.4500 > 76.196.10.57.4500: udp 68
31: 15:44:17.763540 10.1.1.82.4500 > 76.196.10.57.4500: udp 56
32: 15:44:18.054516 10.1.1.82.4500 > 76.196.10.57.4500: udp 68
33: 15:44:18.124840 76.196.10.57.4500 > 10.1.1.82.4500: udp 68
34: 15:44:21.835390 10.1.1.82.4500 > 76.196.10.57.4500: udp 72
35: 15:44:21.850831 10.1.1.82.4500 > 76.196.10.57.4500: udp 80
36: 15:44:21.901183 76.196.10.57.4500 > 10.1.1.82.4500: udp 72
37: 15:44:22.063747 10.1.1.82.1610 > 76.196.10.57.60443: S 938188365:938188365 (0) win 64240
38: 15:44:22.104746 76.196.10.57.4500 > 10.1.1.82.4500: udp 80
39: 15:44:22.122277 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1610: S 1440820945:1440820945 (0) ack 938188366 win 5808
40: 15:44:22.122536 10.1.1.82.1610 > 76.196.10.57.60443:. ACK 1440820946 win 64240
41: 15:44:22.123269 10.1.1.82.1610 > 76.196.10.57.60443: P 938188366:938188490 (124) ack 1440820946 win 64240
42: 15:44:22.187108 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1610:. ACK 938188490 win 5808
43: 15:44:22.400675 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1610: P 1440820946:1440821609 (663) ack 938188490 win 5808
44: 15:44:22.474600 10.1.1.82.1610 > 76.196.10.57.60443: P 938188490:938188688 (198) ack 1440821609 win 63577
45: 15:44:22.533648 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1610:. ACK 938188688 win 6432
46: 15:44:22.742286 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1610: P 1440821609:1440821668 (59) ack 938188688 win 6432
47: 15:44:22.742927 10.1.1.82.1610 > 76.196.10.57.60443: P 938188688:938189002 (314) ack 1440821668 win 63518
48: 15:44:22.802570 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1610:. ACK 938189002 win 7504
49: 15:44:25.180486 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1610: P 1440821668:1440821934 (266) ack 938189002 win 7504
50: 15:44:25.181753 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1610: 1440821934:1440821934 F (0) ack 938189002 win 7504
51: 15:44:25.181997 10.1.1.82.1610 > 76.196.10.57.60443:. ACK 1440821935 win 63252
52: 15:44:25.182134 10.1.1.82.1610 > 76.196.10.57.60443: P 938189002:938189039 (37) ack 1440821935 win 63252
53: 15:44:25.182333 10.1.1.82.1610 > 76.196.10.57.60443: 938189039:938189039 F (0) ack 1440821935 win 63252
54: 15:44:25.241869 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1610: R 1440821935:1440821935 (0) win 0#2: same PC with Dynamic NAT, VPN connection fails:
70 packets captured
1: 14:08:31.758261 10.1.1.82.1073 > 76.196.10.57.443: S 820187495:820187495 (0) win 64240
2: 14:08:34.876907 10.1.1.82.1073 > 76.196.10.57.443: S 820187495:820187495 (0) win 64240
3: 14:08:40.746055 10.1.1.82.1073 > 76.196.10.57.443: S 820187495:820187495 (0) win 64240
4: 14:08:42.048627 10.1.1.82.1074 > 76.196.10.57.60443: S 3309127022:3309127022 (0) win 64240
5: 14:08:42.120248 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1074: S 1715577781:1715577781 (0) ack 3309127023 win 5808
6: 14:08:42.120568 10.1.1.82.1074 > 76.196.10.57.60443:. ACK 1715577782 win 64240
7: 14:08:42.121102 10.1.1.82.1074 > 76.196.10.57.60443: P 3309127023:3309127147 (124) ack 1715577782 win 64240
8: 14:08:42.183553 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1074:. ACK 3309127147 win 5808
9: 14:08:42.232867 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1074: P 1715577782:1715578445 (663) ack 3309127147 win 5808
10: 14:08:42.405145 10.1.1.82.1074 > 76.196.10.57.60443:. ACK 1715578445 win 63577
11: 14:08:43.791340 10.1.1.82.1074 > 76.196.10.57.60443: P 3309127147:3309127345 (198) ack 1715578445 win 63577
12: 14:08:43.850450 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1074:. ACK 3309127345 win 6432
13: 14:08:44.028196 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1074: P 1715578445:1715578504 (59) ack 3309127345 win 6432
14: 14:08:44.058544 10.1.1.82.1074 > 76.196.10.57.60443: P 3309127345:3309127643 (298) ack 1715578504 win 63518
15: 14:08:44.116403 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1074:. ACK 3309127643 win 7504
16: 14:08:47.384654 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1074: P 1715578504:1715578882 (378) ack 3309127643 win 7504
17: 14:08:47.385417 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1074: 1715578882:1715578882 F (0) ack 3309127643 win 7504
18: 14:08:47.394068 10.1.1.82.1074 > 76.196.10.57.60443:. ACK 1715578883 win 63140
19: 14:08:47.394922 10.1.1.82.1074 > 76.196.10.57.60443: P 3309127643:3309127680 (37) ack 1715578883 win 63140
20: 14:08:47.395151 10.1.1.82.1074 > 76.196.10.57.60443: 3309127680:3309127680 F (0) ack 1715578883 win 63140
21: 14:08:47.457633 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1074: R 1715578883:1715578883 (0) win 0
22: 14:08:57.258073 10.1.1.82.500 > 76.196.10.57.500: udp 276
23: 14:08:57.336255 76.196.10.57.500 > 10.1.1.82.500: udp 40
24: 14:08:58.334211 10.1.1.82.500 > 76.196.10.57.500: udp 276
25: 14:08:58.412850 76.196.10.57.500 > 10.1.1.82.500: udp 40
26: 14:09:00.333311 10.1.1.82.500 > 76.196.10.57.500: udp 276
27: 14:09:00.410730 76.196.10.57.500 > 10.1.1.82.500: udp 40
28: 14:09:02.412561 10.1.1.82.1075 > 76.196.10.57.443: S 968016865:968016865 (0) win 64240
29: 14:09:04.349164 10.1.1.82.500 > 76.196.10.57.500: udp 276
30: 14:09:04.431648 76.196.10.57.500 > 10.1.1.82.500: udp 40
31: 14:09:05.442710 10.1.1.82.1075 > 76.196.10.57.443: S 968016865:968016865 (0) win 64240
32: 14:09:11.380427 10.1.1.82.1075 > 76.196.10.57.443: S 968016865:968016865 (0) win 64240
33: 14:09:12.349926 10.1.1.82.500 > 76.196.10.57.500: udp 276
34: 14:09:12.421502 10.1.1.82.1076 > 76.196.10.57.60443: S 3856215672:3856215672 (0) win 64240
35: 14:09:12.430794 76.196.10.57.500 > 10.1.1.82.500: udp 40
36: 14:09:12.481832 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1076: S 248909856:248909856 (0) ack 3856215673 win 5808
37: 14:09:12.527972 10.1.1.82.1076 > 76.196.10.57.60443:. ACK 248909857 win 64240
38: 14:09:12.529238 10.1.1.82.1076 > 76.196.10.57.60443: P 3856215673:3856215797 (124) ack 248909857 win 64240
39: 14:09:12.608275 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1076:. ACK 3856215797 win 5808
40: 14:09:12.658581 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1076: P 248909857:248910520 (663) ack 3856215797 win 5808
41: 14:09:12.664531 10.1.1.82.1076 > 76.196.10.57.60443: P 3856215797:3856215995 (198) ack 248910520 win 63577
42: 14:09:12.725533 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1076:. ACK 3856215995 win 6432
43: 14:09:12.880813 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1076: P 248910520:248910579 (59) ack 3856215995 win 6432
44: 14:09:12.892272 10.1.1.82.1076 > 76.196.10.57.60443: P 3856215995:3856216293 (298) ack 248910579 win 63518
45: 14:09:12.953029 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1076:. ACK 3856216293 win 7504
46: 14:09:12.955043 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1076: 248910579:248910579 F (0) ack 3856216293 win 7504
47: 14:09:12.955242 10.1.1.82.1076 > 76.196.10.57.60443:. ACK 248910580 win 63518
48: 14:09:12.955516 10.1.1.82.1076 > 76.196.10.57.60443: P 3856216293:3856216330 (37) ack 248910580 win 63518
49: 14:09:12.955730 10.1.1.82.1076 > 76.196.10.57.60443: 3856216330:3856216330 F (0) ack 248910580 win 63518
50: 14:09:13.019743 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1076: R 248910580:248910580 (0) win 0
51: 14:09:16.068691 10.1.1.82.500 > 76.196.10.57.500: udp 56
52: 14:09:16.227588 10.1.1.82.1077 > 76.196.10.57.60443: S 3657181617:3657181617 (0) win 64240
53: 14:09:16.283783 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1077: S 908773751:908773751 (0) ack 3657181618 win 5808
54: 14:09:16.306823 10.1.1.82.1077 > 76.196.10.57.60443:. ACK 908773752 win 64240
55: 14:09:16.307692 10.1.1.82.1077 > 76.196.10.57.60443: P 3657181618:3657181742 (124) ack 908773752 win 64240
56: 14:09:16.370998 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1077:. ACK 3657181742 win 5808
57: 14:09:16.411935 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1077: P 908773752:908774415 (663) ack 3657181742 win 5808
58: 14:09:16.417870 10.1.1.82.1077 > 76.196.10.57.60443: P 3657181742:3657181940 (198) ack 908774415 win 63577
59: 14:09:16.509388 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1077:. ACK 3657181940 win 6432
60: 14:09:16.708413 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1077: P 908774415:908774474 (59) ack 3657181940 win 6432
61: 14:09:16.887100 10.1.1.82.1077 > 76.196.10.57.60443: P 3657181940:3657182254 (314) ack 908774474 win 63518
62: 14:09:16.948193 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1077:. ACK 3657182254 win 7504
63: 14:09:19.698465 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1077: P 908774474:908774740 (266) ack 3657182254 win 7504
64: 14:09:19.699426 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1077: 908774740:908774740 F (0) ack 3657182254 win 7504
65: 14:09:20.060162 10.1.1.82.1077 > 76.196.10.57.60443:. ACK 908774741 win 63252
66: 14:09:20.062191 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1077: P 908774474:908774740 (266) ack 3657182254 win 7504
67: 14:09:20.063732 10.1.1.82.1077 > 76.196.10.57.60443:. ACK 908774741 win 63252
68: 14:09:20.063900 10.1.1.82.1077 > 76.196.10.57.60443: P 3657182254:3657182291 (37) ack 908774741 win 63252
69: 14:09:20.064098 10.1.1.82.1077 > 76.196.10.57.60443: 3657182291:3657182291 F (0) ack 908774741 win 63252
70: 14:09:20.127694 76.196.10.57.60443 > 10.1.1.82.1077: R 908774741:908774741 (0) win 0
70 packages shownWe had this problem of connection VPN IPsec from the years (I first thought it is restriction access problem, but it does not work or if I disable all access lists, experience of yesterday for the same restriction of the access-list shows longer than PC is not the cause). All suggestions and tips are greatly appreciated.
Sean
Hi Sean, please remove th lines highlighted in your pix and try and let me know, that these lines are not the default configuration of the PIX.
VPN-udp-class of the class-map
corresponds to the list of access vpn-udp-acl
vpn-udp-policy policy-map
VPN-udp-class
inspect the amp-ipsec
type of policy-card inspect dns migrated_dns_map_1
parameters
message-length maximum 768
Policy-map global_policy
class inspection_default
inspect the migrated_dns_map_1 dns
inspect the ftp
inspect h323 h225
inspect the h323 ras
inspect the http
inspect the netbios
inspect the rsh
inspect the rtsp
inspect the skinny
inspect sqlnet
inspect sunrpc
inspect the tftp
inspect the sip
inspect xdmcp
inspect the pptp
inspect the amp-ipsec
permit same-security-traffic inter-interface
permit same-security-traffic intra-interface
IP verify reverse path to the outside interface
Thank you
Rizwan James
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Oracle cert exams are equal weight to each of the questions - for example 1z0-117?
Oracle cert exams are equal weight to each of the questions - for example 1z0-117?
For example, 1z0-117 Oracle 11 g r2 SQL Tuning has 75 questions.
Some of these questions you will have to look a long explain plan
and determine what is happening.
Other issues could be just take 2 of the 4.
Is equal weight each question.
Roger
Is equal weight each question.
Yes. And each issue is 100% right or 100% false. There is no middle ground with multiple answer questions.
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Anyone know if there is no CC or BC apps or other alternatives that allow a way to create an online survey consisting of 3 questions for the participants to a trade appear to fill out and submit for the purposes of data collection? Offline data collection is a must. Ability to export data to Excel would be an added bonus. Thanks for the tips.
Hi Nathan,
This link might help: Create PDF fillable, creative forms of PDF form. Adobe Acrobat DC
Kind regards
Sheena
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Change the range of dhcp addresses for nat Vmnet8 for VMPlayer/Linux
Hello.
Vmplayer/fedora running. Trying to change the host address of range/ip dhcp for nat (vmnet8).
Within the vmplayer gui, there is no apparent way to change the range/nat dhcp data.
I see that there are a few vmware apps in/usr/bin pertaining to vmware, who seem to have an impact on the range/dhcp/nat address, but I can't find docs on exactly how it works. Also, where is the configuration for the dhcp protocol entry.
Basically, I would put the dhcp/vmnet8 192.168.12.1 and present the range to be 192.168.12.128 - 192.168.12.135.
Thank you
If you have only installed VMware Player 3.x, then you have not the editor of virtual network, as in VMware Workstation and without it, here are the commands to run in a Terminal.
sudo su /usr/bin/vmware-networks --stop cp -a /etc/vmware/networking /etc/vmware/networking.bak nano /etc/vmware/networking cp -a /etc/vmware/vmnet8/dhcpd/dhcpd.conf /etc/vmware/vmnet8/dhcpd/dhcpd.conf.bak nano /etc/vmware/vmnet8/dhcpd/dhcpd.conf /usr/bin/vmware-networks --start exit
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Hello
I have a few question for vSphere
1 > what kind of network, I'll use for my win xp VM destop (flexible, E1000, V...) What is the difference between that?
2 > I give 5 or 4 GB memory for my VM (WIN 2003) servers, but a lot of time I can see alert the CPU usage or memory usage? ... Why then, can it be optimized, which will be the way?
3 > if in 1 ESX I have 8 core (Processor) & I create 25 VM (win XP)... which gives 1 CPU each... then how it is possible to have 8 processor & distribution processor 25, what is the funda?
Must be waiting for your reply.
Thank you
Rashid
There is a selection list of the CPU (1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8) when creating VM, now my question is this amount of processor or number of processor?
For example if I choose 5, then it means I selected 5 Fifth number of the processor or processors?
This selection will be the number of vCPU, you give to your guests. My suggestion would be to start with 1 vCPU and see how is the performance.
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FMS 3 Questions for live video conferencing
We have a few basic questions for installation of the server (windows 2003/FMS3) for an applicationt of videoconference with max 10 rooms for 3 persons x room remote connection:
(1) is there an upgrade for components optimized for FMS3 fms? If this is not the case, should go us with the 'old'?
(2) is there a way to detect the client bandwidth and latency and optimize Audio/video based on that basis by customer?
(3) what we have hight latency problems which are not acceptable for video conferencing (5-10 sec): is there a way to optimize the configuration of the server for that? Is it possible to have the quality of Service that is configured on the network as for Voip applications?
(4) I'we read in the manual that 44 hz encoding is faster than lower rates for audio? I expected the opposite. As the audio is more important for our system is a way to optimize that?
We have large echoes (also with echo to reduce settings) and poor quality. Any way to improve this?
I'll try to answer a couple of these...
(1) the current components of the FMS works FMS3, but some features (such as redirection) are supported only in the last component of reading. If everything works fine for your application, so don't think that you need to upgrade from.
(2) FMS3 has the same capabilities of detection of bandwidth based on a script like FMS2, but also a 'native' bandwidth detection feature new and more effective. Discover the FMS3 live docs for how to use this feature. Latecny detection is not supported natively, but you can easily write SSAS to measure time and back a few seconds precision.
(3) Unfortunately, there is nothing that can be done on the server to overcome high-latency link. Real-time communications will always be 'trolling' on this type of connection. (Have you ever watched a satellite live feed on TV?)
(4) I have no specific details on the speed of encoding for different sampling rates, so I won't comment on that. I will say that, in general, encoding introduced no significant latency (unless your client happens to have a * very * slow processor). The latency of the network and the network congestion that won't do more harm. For the best experience, try to keep the total flow of water as low as possible and don't forget to use bandwidth detection, etc. to ensure that you are never exceeding the features of the client connection.
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NAT exempted for pool vpn in ASDM
I read everything I can find it, and I think I understand what is asked of me, but I'm not exactly sure how do within the ASDM
I used the "wizard" to implement the anyconnect VPN and think it's well.
But the wizard reminded me that I had to add a rule to exempt nat ok then the wizard isn't such a wiz after all and cannot put everything in place.
My VPN pool is 10.10.35.1 through 50
My internal networks is 10.10.30.0/24 and 10.10.10.0/24
Do I need 2 nat rules exempt to allow remote desktop windows for internal machines via AnyConnect?
and if so, how do I that in ASDM (I'm totally distraught on the use of the CLI, and if that works better, I would like a step by step)
Thank you
Dennis
Hello
You can insert the following configuration to configure the NAT0 / exempt NAT required
Note of the INTERIOR-NAT0 NAT0 for VPN access-list
access list for the INTERIOR-NAT0 allowed ip 10.10.30.0 255.255.255.0 10.10.35.0 255.255.255.0
the INTERIOR-NAT0 10.10.10.0 ip access list allow 255.255.255.0 10.10.35.0 255.255.255.0
NAT (inside) 0-list of access to the INTERIOR-NAT0
You can use the CLI directly or you can use the ASDM--> tools--> command-line Interface. You can choose the option "several lines" before inserting the commands to send to the ASA.
Hope this helps
-Jouni
-
The Global NAT FVRF questions - for Expert
Hi Expert,
I have a client with a DMVPN network. Here is a simple drawing of installation:
First I set the router og BRANCH1 config: BRANCH1 - Config.txt
What the client wants is simple:
Host 200.200.200.200 reach the host 192.168.100.2 on port 3389.
So I thought to do the static NAT like this:
IP nat inside source static tcp 192.168.100.2 3389 100.10.10.2 3389
but it does not work because the BRANCH1 router is configured with FVRF who wants to say outside interface is in a VRF and local area network inside interface is globally. I couldn't see any traffic coming to the server (192.168.100.2) but I could see the translation in the nat process.
So I tried to configure the virtual interface of NAT (NVI) I read that NVI works best in the VRF environment. This time with these lines:
interface FastEthernet0/0
Description * WAN connection *.
bandwidth 20000
IP vrf forwarding DMVPN-VRF
IP 100.10.10.2 255.255.255.0
IP access-group OUTSIDEACL in
activate nat IP
IP virtual-reassembly
automatic duplex
automatic speed
!
interface FastEthernet0/1
Description * to connect to the computer 3 *.
IP 192.168.100.1 address 255.255.255.0
NBAR IP protocol discovery
activate nat IP
IP virtual-reassembly
load-interval 30
automatic duplex
automatic speed
No cdp enableIP nat source static tcp 192.168.100.2 3389 100.10.10.2 3389 extensible
Then I finally got some entries of traffic in the server 192.168.100.2. See the Wireshark log:
200.200.200.200 192.168.100.2 TCP stgxfws > ms-wbt-Server [SYN] Seq = 0 Win = 64240 Len = 0 MSS = 1260
192.168.100.2 200.200.200.200 ms-wbt-Server TCP > stgxfws [SYN, ACK] Seq = 0 Ack = 1 win = 64240 Len = 0 MSS = 1460
So far so good but but... the router sends an ICMP destination 13 unreachable code to the server:
10.1.0.1 192.168.100.2 ICMP Destination unreachable (Communication administratively filtered)
I guess that is because the router performs a search in the global routing table instead of the destination FVRF.
Anyone know how I can fix this problem?
Maybe a solution to HUB1 for this so everything is managed central, what do you thing?
Best regards
Laurent Rlap
I can't spoke1 config. But first the routing needs to work and I would like to try a leak of the VRF the way in Global.
IP route 200.200.200.200 255.255.255.255 FastEthernet0/0
When this is fixed we can watch NAT.
/ Ralph
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