trigger error autnomous mutation! Why not allow select in the trigger body?

case 1. a user updates the table and this user has not committed, even fire user select request, he would get an old result. but no error.

case 2. We have table x, trigger appears on the table x as soon as the table is updated to trigger fires. inside the body that we select just for table 'x' it throws error error changing table
can someone please explain why?

my example as follows:
case 1:
CREATE TABLE MyTable
(NUMBER of c1);

INSERT INTO myTable VALUES (1);
commit;
INSERT INTO myTable VALUES (2);

Select * from myTable;
C1
------------
1




case 2:
CREATE TABLE myMaxTable
(maxValue NUMBER);

CREATE TABLE MyTable
(NUMBER of c1);

INSERT INTO myMaxTable VALUES (NULL);
COMMIT;

CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER myTrigger
AFTER ON INSERT myTable
FOR EACH LINE
BEGIN
UPDATE myMaxTable
SET maxValue = (SELECT MAX (c1) FROM MaTable);
END;
/
INSERT INTO myTable VALUES (1);

INSERT INTO myTable VALUES (1)
*
ERROR on line 1:
ORA-04091: table HUNBUG. MYTABLE is changing, function of triggering/can not see
ORA-06512: at "HUNBUG. MON_TRIGGER', line 2
ORA-04088: error during execution of trigger ' HUNBUG. MYTRIGGER'

Assume that you are doing something like this:
You have three records in the table:

INSERT INTO myTable VALUES (1);

INSERT INTO myTable VALUES (2);

INSERT INTO myTable VALUES (3);

Then do you one insert call to do more than three:

INSERT INTO myTable
SELECT c1 + 100
FROM myTable;

This last call insert inserts 3 records in your table - 101, 102 and 103.

When you have a trigger FOR EACH ROW, which will be called three times, but there is no way to predict in what order, and when the trigger will fire for example at c1 = 102, the table is the "mutation" - it is located in the heart of a change and you don't know if 101 or 103 or both is in the table. Oracle does not allow you to do a select on the table of this mutation.

When you remove the FOR EACH ROW clause, the trigger only will be called once at the end of this call to insert, moment in which the table is no longer changing and so your code will be located safely c1 max.

Tags: Database

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