Trying to understand NVARCHAR with UTF8

Hey everybody,

Hoping to help understand the behavior NVARCHAR and others; I've not used it much in the past.

I'm on: 11.2.0.3.0

Background:

-existing database:

WE8ISO8859P1 NLS_CHARACTERSET

NLS_NCHAR_CHARACTERSET UTF8

Most of the columns use 'normal' VARCHAR2 data type, and I'm generally okay with that.

However, they used NVARCHAR2 data type for the data in the column "french" (although the WE8ISO8859P1 character set they use supports french. * sigh *)

In any case... is not even with a french character. I think this is the 'Smart' quote of the window.

Question:

Running a query to get a picture of the 'bad' production data, shows the character (a quote any: "don't know not if making it will transfer all correctly"), such as code ASCII 49810 or 49809 (we see both)

In an attempt to install a 'test' in development to happen again and I can't seem to do.

create unwanted table (ID, vv nvarchar2 (100));

insert into junk values (1, chr (49809));

insert into junk values (2, chr (49810));

insert into junk values (3, chr (96));

commit;

SELECT id, vv, dump junk (vv);

Developer SQL (via Windows) and SQL * Plus (via Unix), see the same thing:

ID VV                                       DUMP(VV)

---------- ---------------------------------------- --------------------------------------------------

1?                                        Typ = 1 Len = 2: 0.145

2?                                        Typ = 1 Len = 2: 0,146

3 `                                        Typ=1 Len=2: 0,96

3 selected lines.

In both cases, the 'smart' quotes don't to not correctly store and appear to be "converted".

I'm not really sure what's going on, but I was trying to figure out how to set my NLS_LANG, but don't know what to put in?

On Unix, I tried:

export NLS_LANG = American_America.UTF8

However, which amends the code of '? ' to 'Â' (re-directed the entire script, the same code: 145/146 stored, so still lose it during the insertion, I guess)

So I suspect it's a case of this character not actually supported by UTF8, right?

For SQL Developer, not so lucky... I put a Windows env variable NLS_LANG even above, however, it still shows in SQL Developer as a box empty.

Issues related to the:

(1) just to check, I'm even not sure that these characters (IE 49810 and 49809) are based in fact on UTF8? (did some research, but could not find anything that could confirm it for some..)

(2) how (good) set NLS_LANG for SQL Developer and what to put in so I can read/write characters in those pesky NVARCHAR fields?

(3) how to enter (even with force)-49809 characters or 49810? (for testing purposes only! )

(FYI: this is especially for me learning.) The 'solution' to our initial problem is to convert these bad characters of 'normal' quotes: IE code ASCII 39. Of course, be able to properly test the update would be really very nice, this is why I need to 'force' the entry of some bad data in dev

Thank you!

Answers:

(1) just to check, I'm not even sure that these characters (IE 49810 and 49809) are based in fact on UTF8 ? (did some research, but could not find something that could confirm it for some..)

Yes, this is valid UTF-8 character codes. However, their meaning is not what you expect. 49809 = UTF - 8 0xC291 = U + 0091 = PU1 control character (USE PRIVATE ONE). 49810 is in UTF - 8 0xC292 is U + 0092 = PU2 (TWO of USE PRIVACY) control character

(2) how (good) set NLS_LANG for SQL Developer and what to set it so I can read/write characters in those pesky NVARCHAR fields?

Developer SQL does not read NLS_LANG at all. You must not do anything to read and write content NVARCHAR2 using the data of a table editor tab or read the content with a worksheet query. Additional configuration is required to support particular NVARCHAR2 literals in SQL commands. However, you can still use the UNISTR function to encode Unicode characters for type NVARCHAR2 columns.

(3) How to enter (even with force)-49809 characters or 49810? (for testing only for purposes!)

Not really possible keyboard because they are control codes. You can insert only with SQL using CHR or UNISTR.

(4) what is the real problem?

The real problem is the direct configuration called application insert these characters paired with the fact the application inserts NVARCHAR2 data without mark it as such in the corresponding API Oracle (OCI, Pro * C, JDBC). NLS_LANG is set up as. WE8ISO8859P1 for the application and the database is WE8ISO8859P1 as well. When a Windows client application written for Win32 API ANSI passes these Oracle quotes, the quotes are encode as 0 x 91 / 0 x 92. However, this encoding for the french quotation marks is correct in the Windows 1252 code Page (name of Oracle: WE8MSWIN1252), not in ISO-8859-1 (name of Oracle: WE8ISO8859P1). As character set NLS_LANG and database are the same, no conversion happens to the codes. On the side of the database, Oracle considers that the target column is of type NVARCHAR2, so it converts to WE8ISO8859P1 in UTF8. However, the interpretation of codes does not at the moment and UTF8 codes that result are 0xC2 0 x 91 and 0xC2 0 x 92 (ISO-8859-1 encoding codes control PU1 PU2) instead of the correct 0xE2 0x80 0 x 98 and 0xE2 0x80 0 x 99 (encoding Cp1252 characters SINGLE LEFT quotation MARK and quotation MARK SINGLE RIGHT).

Solutions:

1. the best solution is to migrate the database to AL32UTF8 and discard the NVARCHAR2 data type. You will be able to store any language in any column VARCHAR2.

2. less forward-looking but a simpler solution is to migrate the database character value WE8MSWIN1252. If additional characters are French, get rid of the NVARCHAR2 data type, because it is just extra cost.

3. the minimum solution is to migrate the database by WE8MSWIN1252 character and keep the NVARCHAR2 columns.

If the data to be inserted more French and quotes, you should definitely go with the first option. The third solution would work after changes appropriate to the use of the application of the API of the Oracle client.

In any solution, the NLS_LANG should be replaced by. Application WE8MSWIN1252 (but this will not only help).

Thank you

Sergiusz

Tags: Database

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