Why doesn't Oracle use my index?

Hi guys, imagine I have a table with columns A, B, C, D

It has a (non-unique) index on column D

When I run the query:

"SELECT A, B and C WHERE D > = ' 1.1.2010.

the index is never used, and it takes 20 minutes. The table has about 7 million lines. It doesn't matter what size of my result set is (even for a few lines), the plan of execution always shows me a full table scan. Only when I create an index on all 4 columns, the index is used. But this isn't a solution, because in my real application, I have about 20 columns in my SELECT clause. I also rebuilt the indexes and statistics.

Can someone help me?

Thank you!

890408 wrote:
Well, then this is the result of 3 queries:

Well, Oracle did what I thought it would be then. Don't you see how your density changed (and now matches the 1/NUM_DISTINCT)? Before this etait.33333 and now it's de.0024. So the estimated cardinalities went from 2 624 862 to 19 492 making it much more attractive index the optimizer.

As I mentioned in my previous post, you should be aware of your inclination of data. A large part of your data in this column is in the period of 01/01/1970. If someone asks for this Oracle is likely to try to use an index to chase these data that is not optimal.

Tags: Database

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    Oracle space tends to be a quite complex with many variables and moving parts.  We chatted about the group to a sort of FAQ or guidelines to help people like you submit questions that actually answers.  First of all, you really have to tell us the version of Oracle you are using.  Particularly the problems involving the optimizer, version down to the exact defined patch number is a good idea.  Secondly, you took the time to submit the question so I guess you want a response.  If you really want to see the answer and then providing an example is one of the most important things that you can do.  I'm going to do here for you, but in general people on this forum come and go and are often pushed into lurkitude, so if you want the coax to provide you with an example of work is the key.

    DROP TABLE store1 PURGE;
CREATE TABLE store1(
    store_id INTEGER NOT NULL
   ,shape    MDSYS.SDO_GEOMETRY
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);

DROP TABLE client2 PURGE;
CREATE TABLE client2(
    client_id INTEGER NOT NULL
   ,shape    MDSYS.SDO_GEOMETRY
   ,PRIMARY KEY(client_id)
);

CREATE OR REPLACE PROCEDURE seeder(
    p_client_count IN NUMBER
   ,p_store_count IN NUMBER
)
AS
  sdo_foo MDSYS.SDO_GEOMETRY;
  int_counter NUMBER;
  FUNCTION random_point
  RETURN MDSYS.SDO_GEOMETRY
  AS
      num_x1 NUMBER;
      num_y1 NUMBER;

  BEGIN
      num_x1 := dbms_random.value(-179,179);
      num_y1 := dbms_random.value(-89,89);

      RETURN MDSYS.SDO_GEOMETRY(
          2001
         ,8265
         ,MDSYS.SDO_POINT_TYPE(
              num_x1
             ,num_y1
             ,NULL
          )
         ,NULL
         ,NULL
      );

  END random_point;

BEGIN
  int_counter := 1;
  FOR i IN 1 .. p_client_count
  LOOP
      -- Create a client point
      sdo_foo := random_point();
      INSERT INTO client2
      VALUES (
          int_counter
         ,sdo_foo
      );
      int_counter := int_counter + 1;

  END LOOP;

  int_counter := 1;
  FOR i IN 1 .. p_store_count
  LOOP
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      sdo_foo := MDSYS.SDO_GEOM.SDO_ARC_DENSIFY(
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              random_point()
             ,5000
             ,0.05
          )
         ,0.05
         ,'arc_tolerance=0.05'
      );
      INSERT INTO store1
      VALUES (
          int_counter
         ,sdo_foo
      );
      int_counter := int_counter + 1;

  END LOOP;

  COMMIT;

END seeder;
/

BEGIN
  seeder(10000,200);
END;
/

BEGIN
  INSERT INTO user_sdo_geom_metadata(
      table_name
     ,column_name
     ,diminfo
     ,srid
  ) VALUES (
      'STORE1'
     ,'SHAPE'
     ,MDSYS.SDO_DIM_ARRAY(MDSYS.SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('X',-180,180,.05),MDSYS.SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('Y',-90,90,.05))
     ,8265
  );

  COMMIT;

EXCEPTION
  WHEN OTHERS
  THEN
      NULL;

END;
/

BEGIN
  INSERT INTO user_sdo_geom_metadata(
      table_name
     ,column_name
     ,diminfo
     ,srid
  ) VALUES (
      'CLIENT2'
     ,'SHAPE'
     ,MDSYS.SDO_DIM_ARRAY(MDSYS.SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('X',-180,180,.05),MDSYS.SDO_DIM_ELEMENT('Y',-90,90,.05))
     ,8265
  );

  COMMIT;

EXCEPTION
  WHEN OTHERS
  THEN
     NULL;

END;
/

CREATE INDEX store1_spx ON store1
(shape)
INDEXTYPE IS MDSYS.SPATIAL_INDEX
NOPARALLEL;

CREATE INDEX client2_spx ON client2
(shape)
INDEXTYPE IS MDSYS.SPATIAL_INDEX
NOPARALLEL;

/* Works as expected */
SELECT
s.store_id
,c.client_id
,MDSYS.SDO_NN_DISTANCE(1)
FROM
store1 s
,client2 c
WHERE
MDSYS.SDO_NN(
    s.shape
   ,c.shape
   ,'sdo_num_res=1'
   ,1
) = 'TRUE';

/* No worky? Works for me */
SELECT
ns.store_id
,COUNT(ns.client_id)
FROM (
   SELECT
    s.store_id
   ,c.client_id
   FROM
    store1 s
   ,client2 c
   WHERE
   MDSYS.SDO_NN(
       s.shape
      ,c.shape
      ,'sdo_num_res=1'
      ,1
   ) = 'TRUE'
) ns
GROUP BY
ns.store_id
ORDER BY
ns.store_id;

    So I wrote this about 12 c (12.1.0.2.0) and everything works fine for me.  Then I moved back from 11 GR 2 (11.2.0.4.0) and of course, there are questions.  So I guess that you don't use flavor of 11g.  So at this point we can look at the docs and see for 11g, have you often need to specify which table is the head and that is the one that has the spatial index to use.
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    Its rather interesting that the optimizer of 12 c knows what you want, when I had to squint myself at your request and to play a little with the refining.  Note that SDO_NN is sensitive, because the geometry of the main table should come second in the operator.  I did not know that on the top of my head.

    
SELECT
/*+ LEADING(c) INDEX(s store1_spx)  */
 s.store_id
,c.client_id
,MDSYS.SDO_NN_DISTANCE(1)
FROM
 store1 s
,client2 c
WHERE
MDSYS.SDO_NN(
    s.shape
   ,c.shape
   ,'sdo_num_res=1'
   ,1
) = 'TRUE';

SELECT
 ns.store_id
,COUNT(ns.client_id)
FROM (
   SELECT
   /*+ LEADING(c) INDEX(s store1_spx)  */
    s.store_id
   ,c.client_id
   ,MDSYS.SDO_NN_DISTANCE(1)
   FROM
    store1 s
   ,client2 c
   WHERE
   MDSYS.SDO_NN(
       s.shape
      ,c.shape
      ,'sdo_num_res=1'
      ,1
   ) = 'TRUE'
) ns
GROUP BY
ns.store_id
ORDER BY
ns.store_id;

    So I think that is your answer.  Give it a shot and see if this fits the Bill.  Of course, moving to 12 c would be useful for such things.  It would be interesting to collect more examples of this kind of space thing where 12 c is the answer. Also, would be nice if we could mark somehow this discussion as applying only to 11g and earlier versions.

    See you soon,.

    Paul

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