Please clear my doubt

Hi people...

a piece of article from tom site
http://asktom.oracle.com/pls/asktom/f?p=100:11:0::::P11_QUESTION_ID:29259877603106
     <quote>
a before trigger can modify the :new values.

you can have many before triggers -- each modifying the :new values.



ONLY the after for each row can look at a "stable" value in the :new record.  So, if you 
doing data validation (eg: this column must be between 1 and 30 when this condition is 
true), you should do that in an AFTER trigger because the *BEFORE triggers may change the* 
*value* on you (and since BEFORE triggers fire in SOME RANDOM order -- you cannot be 
assured that your BEFORE trigger fires before or after some other BEFORE trigger)

So, use *BEFORE FOR EACH row when you need to WRITE to the :new record*
    use AFTER FOR EACH row triggers when you want to VALIDATE the final values 
    in the :new record



That entire referenced thread was the proof that you cannot be sure the trigger is fired 
only once for each row!  So, confused by your request there.

     <quote>

"
* BEFORE triggers can change the *.
"* value * on you"

Not clear on the "BOLD" one of

When to use before and after
Thanks for your time

>
"* BEFORE triggers can change the."
"* value * on you"

Not clear on the "BOLD" one of

The most common before each row trigger used in oracle is to put a PK:

create or replace trigger "set_pk" on table before each row
  v_id number;
begin
  if :new.pk is null then
    select some_sequence.nextval into v_id from dual;
    :new.pk := v_id
  end if;
end;

imagine another trigger, ensuring that the pk is in another table (without taking into account the fact that a simple constraint could do)

create or replace trigger "check_pk_ref" on table before each row
begin
  for (select 1 from dual where :new.pk not in (select other_key from table2 )) loop
     raise_application_error(-20000,'some error');
 end loop;
end;

Because the order of execution is acidental, no one can say why the other threw the error: was the: new.pk not found in table2 or was he always NULL?

* [edit] * this article is missing (IMHO) is that, for data integrity checking, you should not use fire at all, use constraints...

Good bye
DPT

Published by: T.PD on 10.02.2012 10:30

Tags: Database

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